五行学说中的时空哲学  

The Philosophy of Time and Space in the Doctrine of Wu Xing

作　　者：吴飞[1] Wu Fei

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系

出　　处：《哲学研究》2024年第5期56-66,128,共12页Philosophical Research

摘　　要：和西方哲学一样,中国哲学中也有丰富的时空哲学,主要体现在五行学说中。《尚书·尧典》之“观象授时”提供了理解时空的一种基本模式,即四时与四方的对应。这一时空哲学再与《尚书·洪范》中的五行畴结合,形成五行学说的基本架构,由此架构又形成非常复杂的比类关系,成熟于《礼记·月令》中的宇宙论体系。在这一体系中,特别值得注意的是中。由于四与五不能整除,四时与五行常常无法匹配,主要体现在中央土没有相应的时节。这一数学问题反映了中的独特哲学地位。中是每个性命主体的出发点,但又是众多时空点中的一个,因而其中心位置是相对的,这正是性命论主体之所在。In this paper,I will explore the rich resources about time and space within Chinese philosophy,which have been primarily manifested in the theory of Wu Xing."Observation of Phenomena and Appointment of Time"in the Shang Shu presents a basic model for understanding time and space through the correspondence between four seasons and four directions.This philosophical framework,combined with the Wu Xing theory in the Hong Fan,forms the basis for the Wu Xing theory,thus resulting in intricate analogical relationships which ultimately matured in the cosmological system of the Yue Ling.Notably,the concept of the center is pivotal,for it reveals the unique philosophical position of the"middle."Despite the challenge posed by the incongruence between four seasons and Wu Xing,the centrality signifies both the starting point for every subjective entity and its relative position within this ever-changing spatial-temporal continuum.

关 键 词：时间 空间 五行 中 性命论主体 

分 类 号：B26[哲学宗教—中国哲学]