NDMA对淡水中鲫鱼幼苗的生态毒理效应  

Ecotoxicological Effects of NDMA on Crucian carp Seedlings in Fresh Water

作　　者：马蕾 李翠梅[1] 石梦琦 金国裕 张绍广 MA Lei;LI Cuimei;SHI Mengqi;JIN Guoyu;ZHANG Shaoguang(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;Jiangsu Jianke Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210000,China;Kunshan Water Group Co.,Ltd.,Kunshan 215347,China;Water Conservancy and Environment Research Institute(Suzhou)Co.,Ltd.,Kunshan 215300,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏苏州215009 [2]江苏建科工程咨询有限公司,江苏南京210000 [3]昆山水务集团有限公司,江苏昆山215347 [4]中水科水利环境研究院(苏州)有限公司,江苏昆山215300

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第3期10-18,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51109153);苏州市科技计划项目(2022SS09);苏州市水利水务科技项目(2022008)。

摘　　要：N-亚硝基二甲胺(NDMA)是一种高毒性和环境持久性的强致癌物质,广泛存在于人类的生活环境中。该研究以鲫鱼幼鱼为受试鱼种,采用半静态急性毒性实验测定蛋白质含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,研究了NDMA对鲫鱼幼鱼的毒理效应。研究结果显示,高浓度NDMA对鲫鱼幼鱼具有显著毒性,其24 h、48 h、72 h及96 h的半数致死浓度(LC50)分别为9.83、9.14、8.11和7.05 mg/L,而安全浓度(SC)为0.71 mg/L。NDMA对鲫鱼幼鱼的蛋白质含量及SOD、CAT活性产生不同的影响。随着NDMA浓度升高,蛋白质含量呈现诱导效应;SOD活性在低浓度组(1.18 mg/L与1.76 mg/L)受诱导作用,在高浓度组(3.68 mg/L)则显著抑制;CAT活性主要呈现诱导效应,但在3.68 mg/L浓度组中表现为抑制效应。随着暴露时间的延长,各指标的抑制率关系为SOD酶活性>CAT酶活性>蛋白质含量。该研究深入探讨了NDMA对鲫鱼幼鱼的急性毒性与氧化应激毒性,为预防和降低消毒副产物对水生生物的毒性提供了科学依据。N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA)is a strong carcinogen with high toxicity and environmental persistence.It exists widely in human living environment and has attracted great attention.The toxic effect of NDMA on juvenile Crucian carp was studied by semi-static acute toxicity test and determination of protein content,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities.The results showed that high concentration of NDMA was significantly toxic to juvenile Crucian carp,and the 50%lethal concentration(LC50)at 24 h,48 h,72 h and 96 h were 9.83 mg/L,9.14 mg/L,8.11 mg/L and 7.05 mg/L,respectively.The safe concentration(SC)was 0.71 mg/L.NDMA had different effects on protein content and SOD and CAT activities of juvenile Crucian carp.With the increase of NDMA concentration,protein content showed inducible effect.SOD activity was induced in low concentration group(1.18 mg/L and 1.76 mg/L),but significantly inhib⁃ited in high concentration group(3.68 mg/L).CAT activity was mainly induced,but inhibited in 3.68 mg/L concentration group.With the extension of exposure time,the inhibition rate of each index was as SOD enzyme activity>CAT enzyme activity>protein content.In this study,the acute toxicity and oxidative stress toxicity of NDMA on juvenile Crucian carp were discussed,which provided a scientific basis for preventing and reducing the toxicity of disinfection by-products to aquatic organisms.

关 键 词：亚硝基二甲胺 鲫鱼幼苗 急性毒性 蛋白质 SOD酶 CAT酶 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]