价值伦理学的开启——布伦塔诺伦理学的思想坐标及要旨  

The Initiating of Axiological Ethics——The Thinking's Coordinates and Gist of Brentano's Ethics

作　　者：郝亿春[1] 崔鸿宇 Hao Yichun;Cui Hongyu(Department of Philosophy,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangdong 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系,广州510275

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期31-38,共8页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：布伦塔诺在批判性吸收三类代表性伦理学的基础上完成了与价值哲学的交汇,开启了一类独特的伦理学类型,即价值伦理学。价值伦理学的要旨是以内在价值及价值律为“善好”及正当行为确立根据。美、真、善作为三类基本的内在价值既是正当情感所呈现,也是正当追求所指向的正当目的。在选择活动中,正当情感表现为正当“偏爱”,相应地,正当目的体现为“更好”。明证性的价值律不仅能确立“更好”从而规导“偏爱”和实践行为,而且能够最终通达“实践至善”原则,即,“在力所能及范围内推进善好”。实践至善原则就是价值伦理学的最高原则和绝对律令。布伦塔诺开启的价值伦理学为之后更具完备形态的价值伦理学乃至现象学伦理学提供了思想内容和方法上的准备。On the basis of critically absorbing three kinds of representative ethics,Brentano has completed the intersection with axiological philosophy and opened up a unique type of ethics:axiological ethics.The essence of axiological ethics is to establish the grounds for"the good"and the right behaviour by means of intrinsic value and value laws.Beauty,truth,and goodness,as three basic intrinsic values,are right ends which are not only presented by the emotions that are experienced as being correct,but also directed by right endeavours.In the activities of choosing,the emotion that are experienced as being correct is manifested as"the preference"that are experienced as being right,and correspondingly,the right end is embodied as"the better."Evident value laws can not only establish"the better"to regulate"the preference"and practical behaviours,but also finally reach the principle of"the supreme practical good":"further as far as possible the good within our sphere of influence."The principle of the supreme practical good is the highest principle and absolute law of axiological ethics.The axiological ethics initiated by Brentano provides ideological content and methodological preparation not only for the later axiological ethics which have a more complete form but also for the phenomenological ethics.

关 键 词：布伦塔诺 内在价值 正当追求 实践至善 价值伦理学 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]