湖北恩施少数民族地区农村老年人抑郁症状及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of Depressive Symptoms and its Influencing Factors Among Rural Elderly in Enshi Minority Areas of Hubei Province

作　　者：黄思杰 钟文娟[1] 陈敏[1] 帅宇曦 朱佳慧 HUANG Si-jie;ZHONG Wen-juan;CHEN Min;SHUAI Yu-xi;ZHU Jia-hui(College of Medicine and Health,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学医学与健康学院,湖北武汉430023

出　　处：《医学信息》2024年第12期60-63,共4页Journal of Medical Information

基　　金：湖北省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目(编号:21Y130)。

摘　　要：目的研究民族地区农村老年人的抑郁症状及其影响因素,为农村老年人抑郁症状的预防和改善提供参考依据。方法采取便利抽样的方法于2020年10月-2021年8月对361名恩施州利川市农村老年人进行调查,分别采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和家庭关怀度指数测评量表(APGAR问卷)评价其抑郁症状和家庭功能。结果恩施农村地区老年人SDS平均标准得分为(51.72±6.91)分,抑郁检出率为60.90%。单因素分析显示性别、有无配偶、是否满意经济收入、慢性病患病情况、家庭功能对老年人SDS平均得分有显著性影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而多元回归分析表明,女性、对经济收入不满意、患慢性病、家庭功能较低是影响农村老年人抑郁的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论提高经济收入与物质条件、积极预防和治疗慢性病、改善家庭功能等措施有利于农村老年人抑郁症状的防治,且无配偶、女性应为所关注的重点人群特征。Objective To study the depressive symptoms and its influencing factors of rural elderly in ethnic areas,and to provide reference for the prevention and improvement of depressive symptoms of rural elderly.Methods From October 2020 to August 2021,361 rural elderly in Lichuan City,Enshi Prefecture were investigated by convenience sampling.The Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and the Family Care Index Scale(APGAR questionnaire)were used to evaluate their depressive symptoms and family function.Results The average SDS standard score of the elderly in rural areas of Enshi was(51.72±6.91)scores,and the detection rate of depression was 60.90%.Univariate analysis showed that gender,spouse,satisfaction with economic income,chronic diseases,and family function had significant effects on the average SDS score of the elderly,and the difference were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate regression analysis showed that women,dissatisfaction with economic income,chronic diseases,and low family function were risk factors for depression in the rural elderly(P<0.05).Conclusion Measures such as increasing economic income and material conditions,actively preventing and treating chronic diseases,and improving family function are conducive to the prevention and treatment of depressive symptoms in rural elderly people,and no spouse and women should be the focus of attention.

关 键 词：少数民族 农村老年人 抑郁症状 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]