郑州市中学生的生活方式与血压偏高的关联性研究  

Study on the relationship between lifestyle and high blood pressure among middle school students in Zhengzhou

作　　者：张茜 向婉婉 班晓蕾 吴汶灿 陈彦哲[5] 邢艺苑 娄晓民[2] 王鲜[2] ZHANG Qian;XIANG Wan-wan;BAN Xiao-lei;WU Wen-can;CHEN Yan-zhe;XING Yi-yuan;LOU Xiao-min;WANG Xian(Department of Health,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Zhongmou,Zhengzhou,Hennan 451450,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]郑州市中牟县疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,河南郑州451450 [2]郑州大学公共卫生学院儿童少年卫生学教研室,河南郑州450001 [3]西安交通大学第一附属医院妇产科 [4]西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院 [5]郑州市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测与评价所

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第11期1928-1932,1949,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82003478);郑州大学校级教学改革类项目(2022ZZUJG264)。

摘　　要：目的探索郑州市中学生的生活方式聚类状况及其与血压偏高的相关性,为提出防控青少年血压偏高的有效策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样,于2021年选取郑州市8所中学,共纳入2791名学生。采用自制问卷对其一般资料和饮食运动行为进行调查,并对其身高、体重、血压进行测量。采用潜在聚类模型进行聚类分析,二元logistic回归模型进行相关性分析。结果23.5%的中学生被报告有血压偏高,初中生的血压偏高发生率为26.0%,高于高中生的20.2%(χ^(2)=12.760,P<0.001)。通过对饮食运动行为潜在聚类分析确定了亚健康和健康生活方式两个类别。Logistic回归分析发现,在调整了性别、民族、年龄、年级、BMI后,生活方式亚健康的学生发生血压偏高的风险是生活方式健康学生的1.357倍(OR=1.357,95%CI:1.083~1.701)。结论亚健康的生活模式增加了青少年发生血压偏高的风险,为探索引起青少年心血管代谢异常的危险因素及青少年高血压的防控提供了新信息。Objective To explore the clustering of lifestyle among middle school students in Zhengzhou and its correlation with high blood pressure,in order to provide a scientific basis for the development of effective strategies for preventing and controlling high blood pressure in adolescents.Methods A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 8 middle schools in Zhengzhou in 2021,with a total of 2791 students included.A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate their general information and dietary and exercise behaviors,as well as measuring their height,weight,and blood pressure.A latent class clustering analysis was conducted,as well as a binary logistic regression analysis for correlation.Results In total 23.5%of the middle school students were reported to have high blood pressure,with a higher prevalence among junior high school students(26.0%)than high school students(20.2%)(χ^(2)=12.760,P<0.001).A latent class clustering analysis of dietary and exercise behaviors identified two categories:sub-healthy and healthy lifestyles.Logistic regression analysis found that after adjusting for gender,ethnicity,age,grade,and BMI,the risk of high blood pressure in sub-healthy students was 1.357 times that of healthy students(OR=1.357,95%CI:1.083-1.701).Conclusion Sub-healthy lifestyles increase the risk of high blood pressure in adolescents,providing new information for exploring the risk factors of cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities in adolescents as well as the prevention and control of high blood pressure in adolescents.

关 键 词：高血压 青少年 生活方式 聚类分析 生活方式聚类 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]