2022—2023年长沙市活禽批发市场家禽及环境中人兽共患病病原体监测  

Surveillance of zoonotic pathogens in poultry and environment in Changsha live poultry wholesale market from 2022 to 2023

作　　者：张如胜[1] 扶会媛 罗璨 黄政[1] 裴瑞青[1] 狄宇 朱彩英 刘琰 彭佳熠 胡慧琪 王波 周谨薇 陈姗[1] 陈静芳[1] 徐明忠[1] 杨人贵 ZHANG Ru-sheng;FU Hui-yuan;LUO Can;HUANG Zheng;PEI Rui-qing;DI Yu;ZHU Cai-ying;LIU Yan;PENG Jia-yi;HU Hui-qi;WANG Bo;ZHOU Jin-wei;CHEN Shan;CHEN Jing-fang;XU Ming-zhong;YANG Ren-gui(Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410007,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]长沙市疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410007 [2]南华大学公共卫生学院 [3]长沙市中医医院(长沙市第八医院),湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第11期2088-2093,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(2022JJ70131,2023JJ60399);湖南省卫生健康高层次人才重大科研专项(R2023169);湖南省卫生健康委科研项目(202212064383,202212064269);长沙市自然科学基金(kq2202040)。

摘　　要：目的了解长沙市活禽批发市场家禽及环境中病原体污染情况。方法采集2022—2023年长沙市长沙县活禽批发市场家禽及环境样品817份,利用实时荧光PCR方法进行AIV、NDV、C.psittaci、Brucella和S.suis核酸检测,然后对检测结果进行统计学分析。结果市场家禽及环境中AIV、NDV、C.psittaci、Brucella和S.suis的总体阳性率分别为64.01%、32.19%、6.36%、0.24%、17.75%,2023年NDV和S.suis的阳性率高于2022年,五种病原体阳性率最高的月份为10月或12月。不同年份的NDV(χ^(2)=6.23,P=0.01)和S.suis(χ^(2)=45.40,P<0.01)阳性率,以及不同月份的AIV(χ^(2)=50.50,P<0.01)、NDV(χ^(2)=41.28,P<0.01)、C.psittaci(χ^(2)=32.83,P<0.01)和S.suis(χ^(2)=59.43,P<0.01)阳性率存在统计学差异。AIV、NDV、C.psittaci、Brucella和S.suis阳性率最高的采样点分别为家禽销售店、市场公共区域、市场公共区域、羊/狗销售店和家禽销售店,阳性率分别为67.53%、44.00%、8.00%、3.57%、19.02%。AIV、NDV、C.psittaci、Brucella和S.suis阳性率最高的样品分别为禽饮水、空气、禽笼具涂抹、羊/狗等笼具涂抹和空气,阳性率分别为90.91%、61.11%、9.59%、3.77%、31.25%。不同采样点的AIV(χ^(2)=69.06,P<0.01)、NDV(χ^(2)=20.98,P<0.01)、Brucella(χ^(2)=27.25,P<0.01)、S.suis(χ^(2)=8.37,P=0.02)和不同样品的AIV(χ^(2)=155.80,P<0.01)、NDV(χ^(2)=132.59,P<0.01)、Brucella(χ^(2)=10.10,P<0.01)、S.suis(χ^(2)=49.92,P<0.01)阳性率均存在统计学差异。结论长沙市活禽批发市场家禽及环境中AIV、NDV、C.psittaci、S.suis核酸污染较为常见,提示该活禽批发市场需要加强场所消毒、健康宣教和疫病监测等相关人兽共患病防控措施。Objective To investigate the pathogen pollution in the poultry and environment in Changsha live poultry wholesale market.Methods In total 817 live poultry and environment samples from Changsha county wholesale poultry market were collected from 2022 to 2023.AIV,NDV,C.psittaci,Brucella,and S.suis nucleic acids were detected by real-time fluorescence PCR,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results The overall positive rates of AIV,NDV,C.psittaci,Brucella,and S.suis in market poultry and environment were 64.01%,32.19%,6.36%,0.24%,and 17.75%,respectively.The positive rates of NDV and S.suis in 2023 were higher than those in 2022,and the positive rates of five pathogens were the highest in October or December.There were significant differences in the positive rates of NDV(χ^(2)=6.23,P=0.01)and S.suis(χ^(2)=45.40,P<0.01)in different years and in AIV(χ^(2)=50.50,P<0.01),NDV(χ^(2)=41.28,P<0.01),C.psittaci(χ^(2)=32.83,P<0.01),and S.suis(χ^(2)=59.43,P<0.01)in different months.The sampling sites with the highest positive rates of AIV,NDV,C.psittaci,Brucella,and S.suis were poultry stores(67.53%),market public areas(44.00%),market public areas(8.00%),sheep/dog stores(3.57%),and poultry stores(19.02%).The samples with the highest positive rates of AIV,NDV,C.psittaci,Brucella,and S.suis were poultry drinking water(90.91%),air(61.11%),poultry cages(9.59%),sheep/dogs and other cages(3.77%),and air(31.25%).The positive rates of AIV(χ^(2)=69.06,P<0.01),NDV(χ^(2)=20.98,P<0.01),Brucella(χ^(2)=27.25,P<0.01),S.suis(χ^(2)=8.37,P=0.02)in different sampling sites and AIV(χ^(2)=155.80,P<0.0l),NDV(χ^(2)=132.59,P<0.01),Brucella(χ^(2)=10.10,P<0.0l)and S.suis(χ^(2)=49.92,P<0.01)in different samples were significantly different.Conclusion The AIV,NDV,C.psittaci,Brucella,and S.suis nucleic acid pollution are common in poultry and environment in Changsha live poultry wholesale market,which indicates that the live poultry wholesale market needs to strengthen the prevention and control measures of zoonosis,such as place disin

关 键 词：活禽市场 家禽 环境 人兽共患病 病原体 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] S851.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]