我国关于抗生素淡水生物水质基准研究的文献调研  

Literature Research on Freshwater Aquatic Life Water Quality Criteria for Antibiotic in China

作　　者：李强 刘青林 刘萌硕 王莉[4] Li Qiang;Liu Qinglin;Liu Mengshuo;Wang Li(Xinxiang Ecological Environment Technology Center,Xinxiang 453000,China;China Construction Xinjiang Construction Engineering Group Fourth Construction Engineering Co.Ltd.,Urumqi 830000,China;College of Life Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210000,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡市生态环境技术中心,新乡453000 [2]中建新疆建工集团第四建筑工程有限公司,乌鲁木齐830000 [3]南京大学生命科学学院,南京210000 [4]郑州大学生态与环境学院,郑州450000

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2024年第3期222-236,共15页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07204-002-05)。

摘　　要：抗生素彻底改变了兽医学和人类医学,被认为是20世纪最伟大的科学发现之一,然而由于其环境持久性和耐药性,它已成为人们普遍关注的新污染物之一。本文在中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)、万方和Web of S cience数据库进行系统检索,收集了2023年12月31日前发表的23篇抗生素水质基准相关文献,在此基础上,明确了抗生素水质基准的研究概况,对比了抗生素基准推导结果及所用毒性数据,提出了今后研究的方向及注意事项。主要研究结论如下:在研究对象方面,已推导出淡水生物水质基准的抗生素共计34种,仍有80.00%以上的抗生素待开展相关研究,建议将阿奇霉素、克拉霉素和洛美沙星作为后续研究的首要对象。在推导方法方面,使用物种敏感度分布法(species sensitivity distribution method,SSD法)和评价因子法(assessment factor method,AF法)进行抗生素水质基准推导的频率最高,分别为48.78%和33.33%,基于SSD法和毒性百分数排序法(toxicity percentage ranking method,TPR法)得到的抗生素水质基准值较为接近,建议优先选择SSD法。在毒性数据方面,藻类、无脊椎动物和鱼类是最常用于抗生素毒性测试的3类水生生物,但是在水生生物短期水质基准(short-term water quality criteria,SWQC)推导时使用鱼类毒性数据的频率较长期水质基准(long-term water quality criteria,LWQC)少,LWQC推导时使用的无脊椎动物毒性数据量明显少于推导SWQC,建议加强鱼类的急性毒性研究和无脊椎动物的慢性毒性研究。Antibiotics have fundamentally transformed veterinary and human medicine,being considered as one of the greatest scientific discoveries of the 20th Century.However,due to the environmental persistence and resistance,they have become one of the newly recognized pollutants of widespread concern.In this paper,23 publications related to antibiotic water quality criteria published before December 31,2023 were collected through systematic search in CNKI,Wanfang and Web of Science databases.On this basis,we outlined the research status of antibiotic water quality criteria,compared the results of criteria derivation and the toxicity data used,and proposed directions and considerations for future research.The main research conclusions are as follows:Regarding the research subjects,a total of 34 antibiotics water quality criteria for freshwater organisms have been derived,while over 80.00%of antibiotics still require further related studies.It is suggested to prioritize azithromycin,clarithromycin,and levofloxacin for subsequent research.Regarding the highest frequency of antibiotic water quality criteria was obtained using the species sensitivity distribution method(SSD method)and the assessment factor method(AF method),a ccounting for 48.78%and 33.33%,respectively.The antibiotic water quality criteria obtained from the SSD method and the toxicity percentage ranking method(TPR method)are relatively close;hence,the SSD method is recommended as a priority.Regarding toxicity data,algae,invertebrates,and fish are the three most commonly used a quatic or ganisms for antibiotic toxicity testing.However,the frequency of using fish toxicity data in the derivation of short-term water quality criteria(SWQC)is less than that for long-term water quality criteria(LWQC).There is a noticeable shortage of invertebrate toxicity data used in LWQC derivation compared to SWQC derivation.Therefore,it is recommended to strengthen research on the acute toxicity of fish and the chronic toxicity of invertebrates in the derivation of water quality

关 键 词：抗生素 水质基准 生物毒性 物种敏感度分布法 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]