华南地区典型食用鱼中4类卤代芳香化合物的污染特征和摄入风险  

Pollution Characteristics and Intake Risks of Four Groups of Halogenated Aromatic Compounds in Representative Edible Fish from South China

作　　者：张莉娜 李会茹 彭平安[1,3,4,5] 刘明洋[1,3] 胡建芳 Zhang Lina;Li Huiru;Peng Ping’an;Liu Mingyang;Hu Jianfang(State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;SCNU Environmental Research Institute,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety&MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment,School of Environment,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,有机地球化学国家重点实验室&广东环境保护与资源利用重点实验室,广州510640 [2]华南师范大学环境学院/环境研究院,广东省化学品污染与环境安全重点实验室&环境理论化学教育部重点实验室,广州510006 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中国科学院深地科学卓越中心,广州510640 [5]粤港澳环境污染与控制联合实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2024年第3期259-273,共15页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42377370);广东省科技计划项目(2019B121205006)。

摘　　要：卤代芳香类化合物(HACs)具有环境普遍存在性、持久性、生物富集性和各种毒性,其污染和风险因此受到广泛关注。本研究对华南地区5种常见鱼肉中4类典型HACs进行了分析,结果表明,鱼肉中多氯代二苯并二噁英/呋喃(PCDD/Fs)、类二噁英多氯联苯(DL-PCBs)、多溴代二苯并二噁英/呋喃(PBDD/Fs)和总二噁英类(dioxins)毒性当量(TEQ)的平均值±标准偏差(范围)分别为(0.0680±0.3230)pg·g^(-1)(0~2.21 pg·g^(-1))、(0.118±0.124)pg·g^(-1)(0.000451~0.528 pg·g^(-1))、(0.139±0.164)pg·g^(-1)(0.00882~0.917 pg·g^(-1))和(0.325±0.366)pg·g^(-1)(0.0409~2.30 pg·g^(-1))(以单位湿质量计),均低于欧盟规定的鱼肉中dioxins的TEQ限值;5种鱼中桂花鱼的总TEQ和摄入风险最高,其次是鳗鱼和鲶鱼,鲈鱼最低,但种类间并无显著差异。鱼肉中多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的浓度(0.347±0.297)ng·g^(-1)(0.0191~1.40 ng·g^(-1))(以单位湿质量计)与国内外相比中等偏低,种类变化顺序为三文鱼>鳗鱼>鲈鱼>桂花鱼>鲶鱼。鱼肉中的PCDD/Fs以高氯代PCDDs为主,可能源于污染饲料和五氯酚/五氯酚钠的使用;DL-PCBs以PCB-118和PCB-105为主,主要源于其商业品和金属冶炼过程;PBDEs的来源包括其商业品和高溴PBDEs脱溴降解;PBDD/Fs以高溴PBDFs为主,其污染与PBDEs密切相关。华南地区居民通过膳食鱼肉摄入4类HACs的致癌和非致癌风险值分别为6.56×10-6~2.87×10-5和0.0314~0.114,其中儿童风险值高于青少年和成人。PBDD/Fs对总TEQ和摄入风险的贡献(平均45.6%)远高于其他HACs,其生物体污染和风险值得持续关注。Halogenated aromatic compounds(HACs)exhibit environmental ubiquity,persistence,bioaccumulation,and diverse toxic effects,prompting widespread concern about their pollution and potential risks.This study investigated four categories of typical HACs in fish samples from five common species in South China.Results showed that the mean±standard deviation(range)of toxic equivalent quantity(TEQ)of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans(PCDD/Fs),dioxins-like polychlorinated biphenyls(DL-PCBs),polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans(PBDD/Fs),and total dioxins(dioxins)were(0.0680±0.3230)pg·g^(-1)(0~2.21 pg·g^(-1)),(0.118±0.124)pg·g^(-1)(0.000451~0.528 pg·g^(-1)),(0.139±0.164)pg·g^(-1)(0.00882~0.917 pg·g^(-1)),and(0.325±0.366)pg·g^(-1)(0.0409~2.30 pg·g^(-1))(based on wet weight),respectively.All values were below the specified TEQ limit set by the European Union(EU)for dioxins in fish.Among the five fish species,mandarin fish exhibited the highest total TEQ and i ntake risk,followed by eel and catfish,while perch had the lowest.However,no statistical differences were o bserved in the TEQ among these five fish species.In comparison to global data,the concentrations of polybromodiphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in these fish samples(0.347±0.297)ng·g^(-1)(0.0191~1.40 ng·g^(-1))(based on wet weight)were at moderate or low levels with a changing trend among species:salmon>eel>perch>mandarin fish>catfish.The PCDD/Fs in these fish samples were predominantly high-chlorinated,possibly originating from PCDD/Fs-p olluted feed and the use of pentachlorophenol/pentachlorophenol sodium.PCB-118 and PCB-105 were the d ominant congeners of DL-PCBs in these samples,primarily sourced from commercial PCB products and various metal smelting processes.The sources of PBDEs in these fishes included commercial PBDE mixtures and the d ebromination of high-brominated PBDEs.PBDD/Fs showed dominance in high-brominated PBDFs,and their p ollution was closely associated with PBDEs.The intake carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk values of these fou

关 键 词：卤代芳香化合物 持久性有机污染物 二噁英/呋喃 多氯联苯 多溴联苯醚 致癌风险 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]