《史记》《汉书》“论赞序”语气类成分及相关句式比较研究  

A Comparative Study on the Modal Elements and Related Sentence Patterns of"Lun Zan Xun"in Shiji and Hanshu

作　　者：张雨涛 ZHANG Yutao(College of Arts Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院,上海200444

出　　处：《大连大学学报》2024年第3期53-60,共8页Journal of Dalian University

基　　金：国家社会科学重大项目“东亚汉字文化圈《切韵》文献集成与研究”(19ZDA316);国家社会科学基金项目“冷门绝学”与国别史研究专项“敦煌本王韵与唐宋诸本韵书比较研究”(19VJX126)。

摘　　要：以《史记》和《汉书》的“论赞序”为考察对象,全面统计比较两者在语气类成分(语气词、叹词、表语气组合)上的使用差别。综合来看,《史记》的语气类成分较之《汉书》在使用类型和总数上都要丰富,而且几类表言说主观性的语气词使用数量上差异明显。同时,语气词往往和句首词组成表各类语气情态的句式,两书在这类句法格式上也存在颇多不同。语气类成分使用的不同当为两书维持语言主、客观性的手段。Taking the"Lun Zan Xu"in Shiji and Hanshu as the research objects,a comprehensive statistical comparison is made on their differences in the use of modal components(modal particles,interjections,and mood expressing combinations).Overall,the tone components in Shiji are more abundant in terms of types and numbers,and there are significant differences in the number of tone particles used to express subjectivity.At the same time,since modal particles often form sentences with certain initial words to show various tones and mods,the syntactic formats in the two books are also different,which should be considered as a means of maintaining their own subjectivity and objectivity.

关 键 词：《史记》 《汉书》 语气类成分 使用差异 表情态手段 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]