融资租赁中自物抵押的抵押权效力问题研究  

Research on the Effectiveness of Mortgage Rights of Self-Mortgage in Financial Leasing

作　　者：李阿侠[1] LI Axia(Tianjin High People's Court,Tianjin 300100)

机构地区：[1]天津市高级人民法院,天津300100

出　　处：《天津法学》2024年第1期34-41,共8页Tianjin Legal Science

摘　　要：在融资租赁交易中,出租人授权承租人将租赁物抵押给自己并办理抵押登记的做法被称为自物抵押。虽然旧融资租赁司法解释第9条对抵押权是否设立的问题未予置明,但根据债权形式主义物权变动规则,因出租人与承租人不具有设立抵押权的效果意思,且与物权法定原则相悖,故抵押权不能有效设立。在解释上,司法解释的规范意旨不在于设立抵押权而在于确认抵押登记的对抗效力。受担保功能主义立法影响,民法典将出租人的所有权功能化为一种非典型担保权,出租人可基于所有权而非抵押权主张对租赁物行使优先受偿权。In the financial leasing transaction,the practice that the lessor authorizes the lessee to mortgage the lease item to himself and register the mortgage is called self-mortgage.Although Article 9 of the judicial interpretation of the old financial leasing does not specify whether the mortgage is established,according to the rules of the change of the real right of the creditor 's rights formalism,the mortgage cannot be effectively established because the lessor and the lessee do not have the effect of establishing the mortgage and are contrary to the legal principle of the real right.In terms of interpretation,the normative intention of judicial interpretation is not to establish mortgage but to confirm the resistance effect of mortgage registration.Influenced by the legislation of security functionalism,the civil code transforms the ownership function of the lessor into an atypical security right,and the lessor can claim the priority of compensation for the leased property based on ownership rather than mortgage.

关 键 词：融资租赁 自物抵押 抵押权 对抗 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]