机器无心人有心:从心-机关系再思人工智能的发展  

Humans Have Heart,But not Machines:Rethinking the Development of Artificial Intelligence from the Perspective of Mind-Machine Relationship

作　　者：张亮[1] 俞泉林 ZHANG Liang;YU Quanlin(Department of Philosophy,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学哲学系,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期146-152,共7页Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：南京大学“认知成像”揭榜挂帅项目(2023300320);南京大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2023300118)。

摘　　要：人工智能的迅猛发展看似模糊了心灵与机器的界限,但是二者之间依旧存在着不可逾越的鸿沟。经验的主观性使得心灵与身体很难被彻底分隔开。物理主义还原论无法应对那些具有文化特色的心灵活动。虽然在哲学视阈中,人们并不能借助机器创造意识,但是在现实应用中,人工智能却表现出了人独有的“偏见”。正是数据库内容的不完善和算法设计中的不平等,让过去隐藏在认知主体中的偏见浮出水面。人工智能的发展仅仅依靠模仿是行不通的,在新一轮的科技狂潮中,要为我国的人工智能产品安上一颗“中国心”。The rapid development of artificial intelligence seems to have blurred the boundary between mind and machine,but there is still an insurmountable gap between the two.The subjective nature of experience makes it difficult to completely separate mind from body.Physicalist reductionism cannot cope with mental activities with cultural characteristics.Although from a philosophical perspective,people cannot create consciousness with the help of machines.However,in real-world applications,artificial intelligence exhibits“biases”that are unique to humans.It is the imperfection of database and the inequality in algorithm design that have caused the biases hidden in cognitive subjects in the past to surface.The development of artificial intelligence cannot rely solely on imitation.In the new round of technological craze,we must equip artificial intelligence products with a“Chinese heart”.

关 键 词：人工智能 身心问题 “中国心” 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]