尼日利亚Gwagwalada原发性开角型青光眼患者的社会人口学和临床特征  

Sociodemographic and clinical profiles of patients with primary open angle glaucoma in Gwagwalada,Nigeria

作　　者：Abdulkabir Ayansiji Ayanniyi Abdulraheem Olarongbe Mahmoud Yetunde Olamide JohnSam Rauf Ibrahim Rauf David Paul Ejeba Rosita Ujunwa Akasike-Enuh Emmanuel Oluwatosin Bisiriyu Margaret Uche Afam-Osemene Eunice Adamma Chijioke Pankyes Amos Damter Nkosi Linus Agwadu Abdulkabir Ayansiji Ayanniyi;Abdulraheem Olarongbe Mahmoud;Yetunde Olamide JohnSam;Rauf Ibrahim Rauf;David Paul Ejeba;Rosita Ujunwa Akasike-Enuh;Emmanuel Oluwatosin Bisiriyu;Margaret Uche Afam-Osemene;Eunice Adamma Chijioke;Pankyes Amos Damter;Nkosi Linus Agwadu(Department of Ophthalmology,University of Abuja,Abuja 902101,Nigeria;Department of Ophthalmology,University of Abuja Teaching Hospital,Gwagwalada 902101,Nigeria;Department of Ophthalmology,University of Ilorin,Ilorin 240003,Nigeria;Department of Statistics,University of Abuja,Abuja 902101,Nigeria)

机构地区：[1]阿布贾大学眼科,尼日利亚阿布贾902101 [2]阿布贾教学医院眼科,尼日利亚Gwagwalada902101 [3]伊洛林大学眼科,尼日利亚伊洛林240003 [4]阿布贾大学统计学教研室,尼日利亚阿布贾902101

出　　处：《国际眼科杂志》2024年第7期1005-1012,共8页International Eye Science

摘　　要：目的:探讨比较尼日利亚Gwagwalada原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)与非青光眼患者的临床社会人口学特征。方法:横断面对比研究。共调查235例成年患者,其中96例POAG及139例非青光眼。记录患者年龄、性别、教育程度、职业、种族、青光眼家族史、眼痒、糖尿病和高血压情况。眼部检查包括视力、中央视野、杯盘比、前房角评估和眼压。结果:平均年龄为49.88±13.75岁,其中男114例(48.5%)。POAG患者包括42个种族,其中伊博人(24/96,25.0%)和约鲁巴人(20/96,20.8%)最为常见。大多数POAG(74/96,77.1%)年龄在40-69岁之间。POAG(73/96,76.0%)有不同程度的视力障碍。POAG组与非青光眼组的对比如下:青光眼阳性家族史(34/96,35.4%)vs(25/139,18.0%;P=0.012);糖尿病史(8/96,8.3%)vs(6/139,4.3%);高血压病史(24/96,25.0%)vs(28/139,20.1%);糖尿病合并高血压病史(1/96,1.0%)vs(4/139,2.9%;P=0.268);使用抗糖尿病药物者(5/96,5.2%)vs(7/139,5.0%);使用降压药者(24/96,25.0%)vs(23/139,16.5%);联合使用抗糖尿病和抗高血压药物者(4/96,4.2%)vs(5/139,3.6%;P=0.328);有眼痒症状者(18/96,18.7%)vs(37/139,26.6%;P=0.328);视力障碍[右眼(RE):51/96,53.1%;左眼(LE):60/96,62.5%]vs(RE:40/139,28.7%;LE:37/139,26.6%;P=0.000);垂直杯盘比>0.4(RE:96/96,100%;LE:96/96,100%)vs(RE:131/139,94.2%;LE:124/139,89.2%)(RE:P=0.307;LE:P=0.006);眼压>22 mmHg(RE:17/96,17.7%;LE:22/96,22.9%)vs(RE:2/139,1.4%;LE:2/139,1.4%;P=0.006)。大多数POAG患者(60/96,62.5%)正在服用抗青光眼药物,(23/96,24.0%)尚未开始用药,P=0.000。许多POAG(32/96,33.3%)正在服用β受体阻滞剂、前列腺素抑制剂和碳酸酐酶抑制剂的联合抗青光眼药物。结论:青光眼具有与其他眼部疾病不同的临床社会人口学特征。许多参与者肯定了青光眼的家族史,大多数青光眼参与者正在接受抗青光眼治疗。包括失明在内的视力障碍与青光眼显著相关。该研究证实,开角型青光眼与高杯盘比和高眼内压有关。AIM:To determine and compare clinico-sociodemographic profiles of primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)with non-glaucoma eye patients in Gwagwalada,Nigeria.METHODS:A cross-sectional comparative study.A total of 235 adult patients including 96 with POAG and 139 non-glaucoma were included.General characteristics such as age,gender,education,vocation,ethnicity,family history of glaucoma,ocular itching,diabetes mellitus,and hypertension were recorded.Ocular examinations included visual acuity,central visual field,cup disc ratio,anterior chamber angle assessment,and intraocular pressure.RESULTS:Mean age was 49.88+13.75 years and 114(48.5%)were males.Patients with POAG comprised 42 ethnics with Igbo(24/96,25.0%)and Yoruba(20/96,20.8%)being most common.Most POAG(74/96,77.1%)were in the age range 40-69.The POAG(73/96,76.0%)had varied visual impairment.The POAG versus non-glaucoma as follows:positive family history of glaucoma(34/96,35.4%)vs(25/139,18.0%;P=0.012);history of diabetes mellitus(8/96,8.3%)vs(6/139,4.3%);hypertension(24/96,25.0%)vs(28/139,20.1%);combined diabetes mellitus and hypertension(1/96,1.0%)vs(4/139,2.9%;P=0.268);antidiabetic drugs(5/96,5.2%)vs(7/139,5.0%);antihypertensives drugs(24/96,25.0%)vs(23/139,16.5%);combined antidiabetic and antihypertensive drugs(4/96,4.2%)vs(5/139,3.6%;P=0.328);ocular itching(18/96,18.7%)vs(37/139,26.6%;P=0.328);visual impairment[right eye(RE):51/96,53.1%;left eye(LE):60/96,62.5%]vs(RE:40/139,28.7%;LE:37/139,26.6%;P=0.000);vertical cup disc ratio>0.4(RE:96/96,100.0%;LE:96/96,100.0%)vs(RE:131/139,94.2%;LE:124/139,89.2%)(RE:P=0.307;LE:P=0.006);intraocular pressure>22 mmHg(RE:17/96,17.7%;LE:22/96,22.9%)v s(RE:2/139,1.4%;LE:2/139,1.4%;P=0.006).Most POAG(60/96,62.5%)were on antiglaucoma drugs and(23/96,24.0%)were yet to commence medication(P=0.000).Many POAG(32/96,33.3%)were on combination antiglaucoma drugs of beta blockers,prostaglandin inhibitors and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.CONCLUSION:Glaucoma has distinguishing clinico-sociodemographic features from other eye conditions.Man

关 键 词：原发性开角型青光眼 尼日利亚 青光眼 社会人口学 

分 类 号：R775.2[医药卫生—眼科]