中国男足球员职业污名形成机制——基于扎根理论的探索性研究  

Formation Mechanism of Professional Stigma of Chinese Men′s Football Players: An Exploratory Study Based on Grounded Theory

作　　者：田建强 丁显明 潘小非[1] TIAN Jianqiang;DING Xianming;PAN Xiaofei(School of Economics and Management,Chengdu Sport University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]成都体育学院经济管理学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2024年第3期78-85,103,共9页Journal of Shandong Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(编号:21&ZD348)。

摘　　要：该研究运用污名化、第三人效应和场域等理论,深度剖析了由“冯巩大战”引发的中国男足球员职业污名现象,构建了由热点事件、应激反应、公众楷模、社会认知等17个范畴以及负面刻板印象、媒体舆论导向、球员生存场域、社会化程度4个主范畴组成的中国男足球员职业污名形成机制理论模型。研究发现:原本就固化于公众心目中的中国男足球员负面刻板印象,经媒体对热点事件的炒作后再次得到加强,并使公众产生相应的负面情绪,当负面情绪遇到球员的“回怼”时,中国男足球员职业污名已不可避免,球员愈想正名愈发污名。研究认为:中国男足球员职业污名既反映了公众对球员的失望和愤怒,亦深层次折射了公众对中国足球理性认知的缺乏,更是当前中国足球社会化程度偏低的现实呈现。研究建议:球员应提升自身的竞技能力,展现拼搏精神,承担社会责任;加强自媒体监管和规范,提倡正向评论,避免夸大负面事件;确保球员权益和利益受到保障,鼓励球员-媒体共生,增强球员心理韧性;建立行业自律,惩戒违规行为,重视足球文化建设。Using the theories of stigmatization,third person effect and field,this paper deeply analyzes the professional stigmatization of Chinese men′s football players caused by"The War between Feng and Gong".This paper constructs a theoretical model of professional stigma formation mechanism of Chinese men′s football players,which consists of 17 categories such as hot events,stress response,public model and social cognition,and 4 main categories such as negative stereotype,media opinion orientation,player survival field and socialization degree.The study found that the negative stereotype of Chinese men′s football players,which was originally solidified in the public′s mind,was strengthened again by the media′s hyping of hot events,and caused the public to have corresponding negative emotions.When the negative emotions met the players′"retort",the professional stigma of Chinese men′s football players was inevitable,and the more players wanted to rectify their names,the more stigmatized they became.The research shows that the professional stigma of Chinese men′s football players reflects not only the public′s disappointment and anger towards the players,but also the public′s lack of rational cognition of Chinese football,and the reality of the low socialization degree of Chinese football.It is suggested that:improve the players′competitive ability,show the spirit of fighting,and bear social responsibility;strengthen supervision and regulation of we-media,advocate positive comments,and avoid exaggerating negative events;ensure that the rights and interests of players are protected,encourage player-media symbiosis,and enhance the mental resilience of players;establish industry self-discipline,punish violations,and pay attention to the construction of football culture.

关 键 词：中国男足 职业球员 职业污名 形成机制 负面刻板印象 扎根理论 

分 类 号：G80-051[文化科学—运动人体科学]