不同品种马铃薯生长及光合指标对干旱胁迫的反应  

Different Varieties of Potato Growth and Photosynthesis Response to drought Stress

作　　者：姚岭柏[1] 韩海霞[1] 梁婷 刘亚婷 任琴[1] YAO Lingbai;HAN Haixia;LIANG Ting;LIU Yating;REN Qin(School of Life Science and Technology,Ji'ning Normal University/Key Laboratory of Economic Crop Stress Biology in Wulanchabu,Jining Normal University,Ulanqab 012000;School of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434023,China)

机构地区：[1]集宁师范学院生命科学与技术学院/集宁师范学院乌兰察布经济作物逆境生物学重点实验室,内蒙古乌兰察布012000 [2]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434023

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2024年第2期55-58,共4页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860510);集宁师范学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(CXCY201811427014);集宁师范学院教改课题项目(JGKT2019066)。

摘　　要：为了探究本地主栽马铃薯品种的抗旱性,以费乌瑞它和后旗红马铃薯品种为试材,进行盆栽干旱胁迫处理,研究了不同品种马铃薯产量、光合指标和水分利用率变化。结果表明,干旱胁迫后2个品种的植株生长和产量均呈下降趋势,其中费乌瑞它茎高和产量的降幅更明显,而后旗红叶片数的降幅更明显,费乌瑞它和后旗红的单株产量分别较对照下降22%和17%;干旱胁迫后2个品种的净光合速率显著下降70%以上,下降幅度相近,两者的气孔导度均明显下降,胞间CO_(2)浓度和水分利用率基本稳定,但费乌瑞它的蒸腾速率明显下降32%。说明干旱胁迫能够引起费乌瑞它和后旗红2个品种光合作用大幅度减弱,气孔关闭,且费乌瑞它蒸腾速率受抑制,水分代谢更缓慢,这与其产量减少有密切关系。In order to explore the local varieties of potato drought resistance,the pot experiments were done with materials of potato Favorite and Houqihong.The results showed,firstly,the height of Favorite and the leaves' number of Houqihong had more drop in them.The yield of Favorite fell 22% and 17% as more obvious yield of a plant were declining in the two varieties of potato,and in.Secondly,the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of Favorite were significantly decreased,and the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of Houqihong potato were decreased,while the intercellular CO_(2) concentration and water use efficiency were keep the control level both of them.Conclusion,yield of the two varieties showed decrease under drought stress,at the same time,the photosynthesis and water metabolism were inhibited.Favorite had a lower drought resistance comparing with Houqihong because of their lower transpiration rate and water metabolism slowed down.

关 键 词：干旱 马铃薯 生长 净光合速率 水分利用率 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]