一咏三叹,由景至境——《诗经·国风》中自然景观展现特征及先民审美模式研究  

One chant three sighs,from scene to artistic conception:Study on the characteristics of natural landscape showing and the aesthetic pattern of ancestors in Guo Feng of the Book of Songs

作　　者：谷光灿[1] 王丽瑶 GU Guangcan;WANG Liyao

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2024年第3期103-108,共6页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51978094)。

摘　　要：《诗经》是我国诗歌史上举足轻重的存在,《国风》正是《诗经》的精华。在《国风》诗中,大量的诗歌涉及到了自然景观,而对于《诗经》的研究大多集中在文史哲领域,立足于风景园林学的相关研究较为匮乏,作为描写风景的最早诗篇尚未被研究颇为遗憾。因此将其作为研究重点,首先对《国风》中的自然景观要素进行提取、分类,分析其特点,得出其层次性和分时性的展现规律,以此为基础总结出先民既存型、演化型和类比型三种审美模式,即对中国人原生情感中的自然景观的感知方式和审美模式的溯源。寻找中国人对自然景观情感的原始表达,以及遗传意义,以期为现今的风景遗产保护与景观设计提供参考与启示。The Book of Songs is a pivotal existence in the history of Chinese poetry.It contains 305 poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn period,these poems were divided into three parts:Guofeng,Ya and Song.Guofeng is the essence of the Book of Songs,showing the daily life scenes of the ancestors in the Yellow River Basin with distinctive regional characteristics.A large number of poems in Guofeng relate to the natural landscape,which are particularly important materials for the study of the natural landscape in the pre-Qin period.However,a large proportion of academic researches on the Book of Songs were concentrated in the field of literature,history and philosophy,and only a small amount of these researches involved the natural landscape and its aesthetic and ecological views related to landscape architecture.Some scholars have studied the geographical environment and ecological content of the Book of Songs,however they were based on geography rather than landscape architecture.Related studies based on landscape architecture are scarce,and most of them focus on plants and other uncommon topics.It is a pity that the Book of Songs,as the earliest poetry collection describing landscape,has not yet been studied.Therefore,this study took 160 poems of Guofeng as research materials and focused on the analysis of the natural landscape in the poems.First of all,the natural landscape elements in Guofeng were extracted and divided into five categories of terrain,water,celestial phenomena,plants and animals,and poems containing the above five categories of natural landscape elements were screened out to analyze the relationship between the elements,the characteristics of the elements,and the relationship between human and the elements.In the second place,the names of different natural landscape elements in Guofeng and their frequency of occurrence were statistically analyzed.After that,the characteristics of five categories of natural landscape elements are summarized.It is found that the

关 键 词：《诗经》 国风 人居环境 自然景观 审美模式 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]