活力形态及其神经基础:寻找失落的社会认知拼图  

Vitality Forms and Its Neural Substrates:In Search of the“Missing Jigsaw”of Social Cognition

作　　者：赵翥 陈巍[2,3] 汪寅[4] ZHAO Zhu;CHEN Wei;WANG Yin(School of Philosophy,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Department of Psychology,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Centre for Brain,Mind and Education,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing 312000,China;State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学哲学学院,杭州310058 [2]同济大学心理学系,上海200092 [3]绍兴文理学院大脑、心智与教育研究中心,绍兴312000 [4]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室/IDG麦戈文脑研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《应用心理学》2024年第3期269-280,共12页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划新兴交叉学科重大扶持项目(21XXJC05ZD)。

摘　　要：过去的行为研究聚焦于探索其目标和意图,而忽略行为通过执行方式的变化所传递出的不同情绪、情感状态,Stern使用“活力形态”描述这一维度。研究发现,视觉和听觉都能够传递活力形态,并且均在背侧中脑岛通过镜像机制进行加工。自闭症患者在活力形态的识别与表达两方面同时存在缺陷,显示出活力形态对社会互动的重要性。活力形态的研究为具身模拟论,快速社会认知提供了支持。未来的研究需要探索更多种类活力形态,勾勒出活力形态自身的谱系。同时,需要澄清活力形态与情绪、情感的关系,以及行为的目标、意图和活力形态如何相互影响。这些工作都应该在第二人称范式下进行。Most of social cognition theories describe the“what”and“why”dimensions of action understanding.Stern coined the term“vitality forms”to remind us that there is a“how”dimension in action understanding that has been neglected.The brain imaging experiments confirmed the dorso-central insula involved in the processing of vitality forms through mirror mechanism,and vitality forms can be communicated through visual and audio modalities.Autism is defective in both the expressing and understanding of vitality forms which demonstrate its necessity in social interaction.Thus,the vitality forms support the embodied simulation and deepen our understanding of fast and direct social cognition.In the future,experimental studies should go beyond the current variable of gentle/rude behavior and build a spectrum of vitality forms,and the relationship among vitality forms,emotion and affect should be closely examined.And all these works should be done in the framework of second person neuroscience.

关 键 词：活力形态 社会认知 镜像机制 脑岛 具身模拟 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]