某商用车钢板弹簧失效分析与结构优化  

Failure analysis and structural optimization of a commercial vehicle leaf spring

作　　者：杨明 王亚平 肖勇 刘洋 王生怀[2] 张荻 YANG Ming;WANG Yaping;XIAO Yong;LIU Yang;WANG Shenghuai;ZHANG Di(Dongfeng Vasol Automobile Co.,Ltd.,Shiyan 442000,Hubei,China;Hubei University of Automotive Technology,Shiyan 442002,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]东风华神汽车有限公司,湖北十堰442000 [2]湖北汽车工业学院,湖北十堰442002

出　　处：《计算机辅助工程》2024年第2期24-30,共7页Computer Aided Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675167);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BAA056)。

摘　　要：为解决某商用车钢板弹簧断裂问题,分别从板簧材质、成型工艺、结构设计强度多方面进行失效分析,考虑不同工况场景的载荷特点,建立板簧的非线性仿真模型。根据整车冲击工况加载标准,提取各工况下的板簧应力。建立板簧总成的详细模型,以提取的板簧应力为载荷,考察板簧及桥壳底板的可靠性,从而确定薄弱部位与断裂原因。以主簧的簧片厚度为设计变量,以板簧的结构应力为约束条件,以总质量最小为约束目标,对板簧进行尺寸优化,寻找满足应力要求的簧片最小厚度。对优化后的主、副簧进行疲劳耐久试验,验证仿真结果的准确性。To solve the issue of steel leaf spring fracture in a commercial vehicle,the spring failure is analyzed from various aspects,such as leaf spring material,forming process,and structural design strength,and a nonlinear simulation model for leaf springs is built considering the load characteristics of different working conditions.According to the loading standard of the entire vehicle impact condition,the stress of the leaf spring under each condition is extracted.A detailed model of the leaf spring assembly is built,and the reliability of plate springs and bridge shell bottom plates is computed using the extracted leaf spring stress as the load,so the weak parts and the cause of fracture is determined.Taking the thickness of the main spring as the design variable,the structural stress of the leaf spring as the constraint condition,and the minimum total mass as the constraint objective,the size optimization of the leaf spring is carried out to find the minimum thickness of the spring that meets the stress requirements.The optimized main and auxiliary springs are subjected to fatigue durability tests,and the accuracy of the simulation results is verified.

关 键 词：断裂失效 载荷提取 板簧 可靠性 非线性 

分 类 号：TP391.99[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] U463.334.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]