2022-2023年山东省A(H1N1)pdm09流感病毒HA、NA基因变异特征分析  

Analysis of HA and NA gene variation characteristics of A (H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in Shandong Province from 2022 to 2023

作　　者：吴巨龙[1] 张淑 何玉洁 孙林[1] 宋绍霞[1] 孙文魁[1] 刘倜[1] WU Ju-long;ZHANG Shu;HE Yu-jie;SUN Lin;SONG Shao-xia;SUN Wen-kui;LIU Ti(Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心,济南250014

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2024年第5期471-477,共7页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(No.202012051365)。

摘　　要：目的 了解山东省2022-2023流感监测年度分离的A(H1N1)pdm09亚型流感病毒血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)和神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase,NA)基因的变异特征,为流感的防控提供科学依据。方法 从流感监测网络实验室分离的流感毒株中按地市随机选取14株A(H1N1)pdm09亚型流感毒株,以WHO推荐的当季疫苗株为参考进行全基因组测序,并采用荧光法开展神经氨酸酶抑制(neuraminidase inhibition,NI)实验以评估药物敏感性。结果 山东省2022-2023年度分离的A(H1N1)pdm09流感病毒属于6B.1A分支中的5a.2a进化簇,核苷酸序列比对分析显示,HA和NA基因与2021-2023年度北半球疫苗株A/Victoria/2570/2019的亲缘关系较为接近,同源性分别为98.5%~98.7%和98.8%~99.1%。氨基酸序列分析显示,HA蛋白有20个位点发生了氨基酸序列变异,并发现1株病毒可能发生抗原漂移,有3株病毒发生了HA蛋白糖基化位点的缺失。NA酶相关重要位点未发生变异。NI实验显示,所测流感毒株均对抗流感病毒药物敏感。结论 所监测毒株与疫苗株整体同源性很高,但氨基酸存在一定程度变异,今后有必要持续开展流感病毒基因变异特征监测以了解流感流行的风险,以及评价基因变异对流感疫苗和治疗药物效果的影响。This study was aimed at characterizing the variations in hemagglutinin(HA) and neuraminidase(NA) genes of influenza virus subtype A(H1N1)pdm09 isolated during the 2022-2023 influenza monitoring year in Shandong Province,to provide a scientific basis for influenza prevention and control.A total of 14 A(H1N1)pdm09 subtype influenza strains were selected randomly by city by the influenza monitoring network laboratory.The vaccine strains recommended by the WHO served as references for whole gene sequencing analysis.A fluorescence method was used to conduct neuraminidase inhibition experiments to evaluate drug sensitivity.The A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in Shandong Province,2022-2023 belonged to the 5a.2a evolutionary cluster in the 6B.1A branch.Nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that the HA and NA genes were closely related to the Northern Hemisphere vaccine strain A/Victoria/2570/2019 in the years 2021-2023,and showed homology of 98.5% to 98.7% and 98.8% to 99.1%,respectively.Amino acid sequence analysis revealed 20 amino acid sequence mutations in the HA protein,but only one virus strain was found to have antigen drift,and three virus strains showed loss of HA protein glycosylation sites.No mutations were found at important sites affecting NA enzymes.The neuraminidase inhibition experiment indicated viral sensitivity to anti-influenza drugs.In conclusion,the monitored virus strains had high overall homology with vaccine strains but showed some amino acid variation.In the future,continued monitoring of the genetic variation characteristics of influenza viruses will be necessary to understand the risk of influenza epidemics,and the effectiveness of influenza vaccines and therapeutic drugs.

关 键 词：甲型H1N1pdm09流感 HA基因 NA基因 基因变异 

分 类 号：R383.3[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]