大头茶属植物化学成分与药理作用研究进展  

A Review on Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Plants from Polyspora

作　　者：杨建欣 龚买玉 马长乐[1,2,3] YANG Jianxin;GONG Maiyu;MA Changle(The Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education,Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource,Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture,State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室/西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业和草原局重点实验/云南省林下资源保护与利用重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650224 [3]国家林业和草原局西南风景园林工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2024年第3期78-92,100,共16页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室、西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业和草原局重点实验室、云南省林下资源保护与利用重点实验室开放课题(LXXK-2023M05);云南省农业联合专项重点项目(202301BD070001-150);云南省农业联合专项面上项目(202101BD070001-100)。

摘　　要：为充分挖掘大头茶属植物的潜在应用价值,对近年来该属植物在化学成分和药理作用方面的研究成果进行全面系统的综述与分析。结果显示:(1)大头茶属植物富含多类化合物,包括三萜类、二萜类、黄酮类、木脂素类、酚苷类、糖苷类、鞣质类、甾体类和有机酸等,其中三萜类化合物达133种,二萜类5种,黄酮类7种,木脂素类4种,其他类化合物26种,展现出其化学成分的多样性。(2)不同大头茶物种间化学成分含量和种类存在显著差异,部分单体化合物的结构和不同物种不同部位所含化学成分的差异仍需深入研究。(3)药理作用的研究揭示,部分化合物具有抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗HIV病毒、降血糖和保肝等广泛的药理活性,但目前的药理活性研究主要停留在细胞层面,对活性显著化合物的具体作用机制和构效关系的研究尚不明确。基于以上研究结果,对未来大头茶属植物的研究方向提出了建议和展望,以期为促进大头茶属植物资源保护、特色林木资源的发掘与定向培育提供理论依据。To evaluate the potential utility of Polyspora,a comprehensive and systematic review and analysis of the research results on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of the genus was carried out in recent years.The results showed that:(1)The plant of genus is rich in many kinds of compounds,including triterpenoids,diterpenoids,flavonoids,lignans,phenolic glycosides,glycosides,tannins,steroids and organic acids,etc.,of which 133 kinds of triterpenoids,5 kinds of diterpenoids,7 kinds of flavonoids,4 kinds of lignans,and 26 kinds of other compounds,which showed the diversity of its chemical composition.(2)There were significant differences in chemical composition and species among different species of Polyspora,and the structure of some monomer compounds and the differences in chemical composition in different parts of different species still need to be further studied.(3)Pharmacological studies revealed that some compounds have a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antibacterial,antitumor,anti-HIV virus,hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective,etc.However,the current pharmacological activity studies are mainly at the cellular level,and the specific mechanism of action and conformational relationship of the compounds with significant activity are still unclear.Based on the results of the above studies,we put forward suggestions and prospects for the future research direction of Polyspora,with a view to providing a theoretical basis for promoting the conservation of resources,and the discovery and targeted cultivation of characteristic forest resources.

关 键 词：大头茶属 化学成分 三萜类 黄酮类 抗肿瘤 降血糖 

分 类 号：S685.14[农业科学—观赏园艺] R284.1[农业科学—园艺学]