弱引力双小行星系统的低能着陆轨道设计  

Low-Energy Landing Orbit Design in Weak Gravity Binary Asteroid Systems

作　　者：刘学文 席涛 周洪刚 彭祺擘[3] 杨洪伟 李爽[1] LIU Xuewen;XI Tao;ZHOU Honggang;PENG Qibo;YANG Hongwei;LI Shuang(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 21000,China;State Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamic,Xi′an 710043,China;China Astronauts Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学,南京211016 [2]宇航动力学国家重点实验室,西安710043 [3]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094

出　　处：《空间控制技术与应用》2024年第3期1-10,共10页Aerospace Control and Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11672126);空间智能控制国家重点实验室开放基金基金项目(HTKJ2022KL502014)。

摘　　要：针对在弱引力双小行星系统环境下,探测器无动力或仅具有微弱机动能力时的表面着陆问题,提出基于不稳定流形和庞加莱截面法的低能着陆轨道设计方法.通过搜索共线平动点附近的周期轨道,计算单值矩阵的特征值及特征向量,求解周期轨道的不稳定流形,大幅减少了着陆过程中的燃料消耗.对于有微弱机动能力的着陆器,提出不稳定流形和下降轨道集拼接的轨道设计方法,获得满足末端约束的低能着陆轨道.通过数值仿真验证:与遗传算法计算双脉冲着陆轨迹方法相比,本文所提方法可以灵活地添加末端约束以及设计目标着陆点,且不需要设计惩罚函数以及进行迭代运算,计算效率高.与完全自然着陆的低能量着陆轨迹相比,该方法能够有效地扩大着陆候选区域.Aiming at the landing problem of a no propulsion or only weak maneuverability probe in a weak gravity binary asteroid system,a low-energy landing orbit design method based on unstable manifold and Poincarésection method is proposed.By searching for periodic orbits near the collinear libration points,calculating the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the monodromy matrix,and solving the unstable manifold of the periodic orbits,the fuel con-sumption during the landing process is greatly reduced.For a lander with weak maneuverability,an orbit design method based on connecting splicing unstable manifold and descent orbit set is proposed,which obtains a low-ener-gy landing orbit that satisfies the terminal constraints.Numerical simulation verifies compared with the method of calculating the double-impulse landing trajectory by genetic algorithm,the method proposed in this paper can flexi-bly add terminal constraints and design the target landing point,and does not need to design penalty function and perform iterative calculation,with high computational efficiency.

关 键 词：双小行星系统 椭球体–椭球体模型 庞加莱截面 低能着陆 不稳定流形 

分 类 号：V44[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]