半纤维素分解菌群HMC的微生物群落结构及功能  

Microbial community structure and the function of the hemicellulolytic microbial consortium HMC

作　　者：高秀清 王琼 罗轶伦 吕育财 崔明宇 陈永伦 张冬冬[4] 肖园 范淄亭 王浩伟 王轶[2] 郭鹏 GAO Xiuqing;WANG Qiong;LUO Yilun;LYU Yucai;CUI Mingyu;CHEN Yonglun;ZHANG Dongdong;XIAO Yuan;FAN Ziting;WANG Haowei;WANG Yi;GUO Peng(College of Biology and Pharmacy,Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear Agriculture Technology Research,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Sichuan Jiahuai Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Leshan 614000,China;Institute of Marine Biology,Ocean College Ocean,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan 316021,China;Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学生物与制药学院,宜昌443002 [2]湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所,武汉430064 [3]四川嘉淮生物科技有限责任公司,乐山614000 [4]浙江大学海洋学院海洋生物与药物研究所,舟山316021 [5]湖北洪山实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第12期213-223,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32271547);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB24010125);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2022BBA0069);农业科技成果转化资金项目(2022ABC004)。

摘　　要：为明确半纤维素分解菌群HMC(hemicellulolytic microbial consortium)的微生物群落结构及其在半纤维素降解中的潜在功能;该研究测定了其在降解半纤维素主链木聚糖及玉米芯的典型理化指标,并利用16S rDNA测序技术及生物信息学手段对其微生物群落结构及功能注释进行了宏基因组学分析。结果表明,HMC在7 d内能高效降解木聚糖和玉米芯,降解率达80%,木聚糖降解产生的高值产物包括还原糖、甲酸、乳酸及乙酸,最高浓度分别为1.30、0.50、1.19与1.23 mg/mL,HMC降解玉米芯时可累积挥发性脂肪酸浓度高达3.54 mg/mL。HMC是由厚壁菌门Firmicutes的多个属的微生物组成的复合微生物菌群,宏基因组分析揭示了HMC在木聚糖降解过程中的关键碳水化合物活性酶系;HMC的半纤维素降解酶系完整,包括19个木聚糖分解及下游产物代谢相关的酶;同时涵盖了乙酸、乳酸等半纤维素关键分解产物代谢相关的通路。HMC蕴含半纤维素及玉米芯高值生物转化的潜力,该研究为深入探究半纤维素在生物降解应用中的分子机制提供了重要线索,有助于推动天然半纤维素生物降解技术的发展。Hemicellulose has been one of the indispensable biomass sources within plant cell walls.The vital components such as xylan and glucomannan can render a pivotal hemicellulosic reservoir.The heterogeneous structure and stability of corn cobs can benefit from their lignocellulosic network resistant to effective deconstruction in their natural state,resulting in frequent resource wastage.Additionally,the widespread combustion of corn cobs in the past has led to environmental pollution in the emission of pollutants.In contrast to most natural lignocellulosic materials with low hemicellulose content,corn cobs exhibit a higher hemicellulose content.Moreover,alkali treatment can be used to remove most soluble and lignin components from lignocellulose,thereby increasing the relative hemicellulose content.Therefore,this study focused primarily on the relevance of the hemicellulolytic microbial consortium(HMC)to degrade the hemicellulose backbone xylan.The high-throughput sequence and bioinformatic analysis were made to identify the community structure of HMC.The carbohydrate-active enzymes and KEGG(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)metabolic pathways were examined to be involved in xylan degradation.High-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed that the complex microbial community structure of HMC included a diverse range of extremophilic microorganisms in the hemicellulose degradation,such as Tepidimicrobium(18.70%),Aeribacillus(13.50%),and Geobacillus(9.44%).Metagenomics analysis showed that there was a diverse array of carbohydrate enzymes(CAZymes)in the HMC metagenome,covering essential enzyme families,such as AA(auxiliary activities),CBM(carbohydrate-binding modules),CE(carbohydrate esterases),GH(glycoside hydrolases),GT(glycosyl transferases),PL(polysaccharide lyases),and SLH(cellulosome coudles).This diversity underscored the significant potential for carbohydrate degradation,particularly in hemicellulose decomposition.There was a diversity in the metabolically,both the primary and secondary KEGG metabolic n

关 键 词：半纤维素 微生物群 降解 微生物群落结构 宏基因组学 还原糖 挥发性脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]