摆臂类零件工艺分析与优化  

Process analysis and optimization of swing arm parts

作　　者：成振坤[1] CHENG Zhen-kun(General Institute of Automotive Research,China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国重型汽车集团有限公司汽车研究总院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《模具工业》2024年第6期33-36,共4页Die & Mould Industry

摘　　要：针对摆臂类零件的凸包和翻孔在成形时易开裂的问题,提出了摆臂类零件改进设计的方法。首先对复杂结构的摆臂类零件常见的冲压工艺缺陷进行分析,通过CAE分析结合实物样件对零件设计进行验证;其次对于凸包区域的开裂问题,根据零件装配要求,在尽可能减少修模量的前提下,通过调整圆角半径和拔模角度改善凸包区域的成形缺陷;对于对向翻孔开裂的问题,将弹性元件的压力作为优化目标,确定最佳的圆角半径、翻边高度和拔模角度参数组合,此外,通过增加局部导向结构解决弹性元件压入摆臂时产生的刮痕缺陷;最后以试制方式加工出相应状态的样件,对不同的优化方案进行验证。结果表明:对于摆臂类零件的优化,若CAE分析凸包位置存在开裂风险且减薄率不大于28%时,圆角半径增大不超过2 mm、拔模角度增加不超过5°;增大对向翻孔的压料区域和压料力,并在结构上增加相应的倒角可提升零件的压装性能。In order to solve the cracking defects appeared in the forming of bulge and hole flanging of swing arm parts,it put forward a method to improve the design of swing arm parts.Firstly,the common stamping process defects of swing arm parts with complex structure were analyzed,and part design was verified through CAE analysis and the combination with physical samples.Second-ly,according to the requirements of part assembly,the cracking problem of bulge area could be im-proved by adjusting the radius of rounded corners and draft angle on the premise of reducing the repair workload as much as possible.For the cracking problem of the opposed flanging hole,the output pressure of the elastic parts was taken as the optimization target to determine the optimal combination of fillet radius,flanging hole height,and draft angle parameters.In addition,the scratches caused by pressing the elastic element into the swinging arm were solved by adding a lo-cal guide structure.Finally,the corresponding state sample was processed by trial production,and the different optimization schemes were verified.The results showed that for the optimization of swing arm parts,if the CAE analysis result of bulge has cracking risk and the thinning rate was no more than 28%,the fillet radius increased by no more than 2 mm and the draft angle increased by no more than 5°.It could improve the press-in performance of the product by enlarging the binder and increasing the pressing force of the flanging hole area and increasing the corresponding cham-fering on the structure.

关 键 词：摆臂 缺陷 凸包 对向翻孔 优化 性能 

分 类 号：TG386.1[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]