支具无支撑快速3D打印的变层高规划及路径补偿方法  

Variable layer height planning and path compensation method for unsupported rapid 3D printing with braces

作　　者：张帆[1] 郝冉 涂一文 杨肖 刘佳畅 ZHANG Fan;HAO Ran;TU Yiwen;YANG Xiao;LIU Jiachang(School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学机电工程学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2024年第6期28-35,共8页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

摘　　要：支具的快速个性化制造对3D打印支具提出了无支撑成型的需求。在无支撑打印过程中需要改变沉积方向,对应在分层时就需要改变切平面方向,使切平面之间产生夹角。若夹角过大会产生阶梯现象;若夹角过小,相邻两切平面之间无更细分的切平面,使相邻两切平面之间的模型就无法进行分层,导致打印时部分模型缺失;这2种情况都会对支具打印的力学性能和表面质量造成消极影响。针对这一问题,提出了支具无支撑快速3D打印的变层高规划及路径补偿方法。通过对支具模型中轴线的提取和基于中轴线分层规划避免阶梯现象;对由于切平面变化造成的模型缺失进行补偿量的计算,并采用变层高的路径规划方式进行补偿,保证支具的力学性能和表面质量;最后生成供五轴打印机打印的Gcode文件。采用手肘支具模型进行路径仿真和打印实验,该支具打印方法的力学性能比优化前提升了3.74倍,同时也提升了表面质量,实现了支具无支撑快速3D打印。The rapid and personalized manufacturing of braces puts forward the demand for unsupported molding of 3D printed braces.In the process of unsupported printing needs to change the deposition direction,corresponding to the layering needs to change the direction of the tangent plane,the tangent plane between the angle will be generated.If the angle is too large,it will produce a step phenomenon;if the angle is too small,there is no more subdivided cutting plane between the two neighboring cut-ting planes,and the model between the two cutting planes can not be layered,resulting in part of the model missing when print-ing;both of these situations will have a negative impact on the mechanical properties and surface quality of the support printing.Aiming at this problem,a variable layer height planning and path compensation method for unsupported rapid 3D printing of the support is proposed.Through the extraction of the central axis of the brace model and the layer planning based on the central axis,the ladder phenomenon is avoided;for the lack of model caused by the change of the tangent plane,the amount of compen-sation is calculated,and the variable layer height path planning is used to compensate for the mechanical properties and surface quality of the brace;and finally five-axis printer printing Gcode file is generated.The elbow brace model is used for path simulation and printing experiments,and the mechanical properties of the brace printed by this method are improved by 3.74 times compared with that before optimization,and the surface quality is also improved,which realizes unsupported rapid 3D printing of the brace.

关 键 词：支具3D打印 无支撑 变层高 模型补偿 

分 类 号：TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]