太平洋战争期间的侨生救济与中英关系  

Dispute over the Relief Work for Diaspora Students and Sino-British Relations During the Pacific War

作　　者：陈非儿 Chen Fei'er

机构地区：[1]东南大学人文学院

出　　处：《近代史研究》2024年第3期144-157,M0006,共15页Modern Chinese History Studies

摘　　要：太平洋战争爆发后,部分港大学生(侨生)内撤中国大后方。英国由救济这批港大学生开始,试图扩大救济中国境内所有英属地侨生,却遭到国民政府反对。英国从帝国视野出发,希望维持其对大英帝国臣民的管辖权;中国则坚持侨生为中国国民,理应由中国政府予以救济。中英围绕侨生救济权的争夺主要发生在1943年。这一过程既折射中英新约签署前后治外法权问题在实践层面的新变化,也体现国民政府欲借侨民救济彰显中国主权和大国地位。由此侨民问题将抗战与反帝反殖联系在一起。侨生争取中英两国救济的能动性,展现他们作为侨民、难民和学生的跨域经历,勾连二战中港大与大后方一段共同历史,也启发我们从侨民维度重新思考百年来中英不平等关系。After the outbreak of the Pacific War,some students from the University of Hong Kong(HKU)chose to retreat to China's Mainland.The British government provided relief to these students,hoping to extend similar aid to all British diaspora students in Chinaan initiative opposed by the Nationalist Government.The British asserted jurisdiction over all subjects in the British Empire,including the Chinese diaspora.However,the Chinese government argued that it was obligated to provide relief to these diaspora students as they were ethnically Chinese and Chinese nationals.This jurisdictional dispute unfolded in 1943 against the backdrop of evolving extraterritorial jurisdiction following the new Sino-British Treaty.It demonstrated the Nationalist Government's resolve to assert sovereignty and great power status by confronting the British.The Nationalist Government framed the diaspora issue within the context of the Resistance War and China's struggles against colonialism and imperialism.This article explores the agency of diaspora students receiving relief from both the British and Chinese governments,offering a multifaceted examination of their wartime experiences as Chinese diaspora,war refugees,and students.It illuminates the historical connection between HKU and China's Mainland during the war and underscores the unequal nature of Sino-British relations.

关 键 词：中英关系 太平洋战争 华侨 侨生 中国香港大学 

分 类 号：K152[历史地理—历史学]