薄壁结构件的正向吸附辅助支撑钻削工艺研究  

Drilling Investigations on Thin-Walled Structural Parts With Positive Adsorption Auxiliary Support

作　　者：王福吉[1,2,3] 王一成 付饶 杜长霖[1,2,3] 赵猛 WANG Fuji;WANG Yicheng;FU Rao;DU Changlin;ZHAO Meng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Key Laboratory of High-Performance Manufacturing for Advanced Composite Materials,Liaoning Province,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,大连116024 [2]大连理工大学高性能精密制造全国重点实验室,大连116024 [3]辽宁省先进复合材料高性能制造重点实验室,大连116024

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2024年第7期54-60,共7页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52090053,52105432,52130506);国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0702803);大连市级项目(2022JJ12GX027,2021JB12GX101,2021RD08)。

摘　　要：航空航天领域中薄壁结构件的连接装配要求加工高精度的连接孔,但此类结构件钻削加工时变形大、易振动,严重影响制孔精度和表面质量,传统装夹方法存在装夹跨距大、难以充分有效支撑等问题。本文提出通过正向吸附辅助支撑,提高薄壁结构件加工时的局部刚度,进而提高薄壁结构件的加工质量,并通过仿真和试验相结合的方式研究了正向吸附辅助支撑对薄壁结构件钻削加工的影响。结果表明,在本文仿真和试验条件下,正向吸附辅助支撑可使钻削位置刚度提升40倍以上,孔壁粗糙度值降低67%以上,圆度公差降低60%以上,孔径偏差降低50%以上,同一孔的靠近出口、入口位置的孔径偏差降低90%以上。可见,正向吸附辅助支撑可显著提高薄壁结构件的制孔精度和质量。In the aerospace field,thin-walled structural parts are connected and assembled with extremely high precision,the holes for the connections therefore have high tolerance requirements.Due to its low stiffness,there is a great deal of deformation and vibration in the drilling process,which seriously affects the drilling precision and quality.Aiming at the problems of large clamping span,insufficiency and difficulty in effectively supporting the aircraft wing box and other components in the traditional clamping method,this paper proposes to improve the local stiffness during the drilling of thin-walled structural parts through the positive adsorption auxiliary support,which in turn improves the drilling quality of the thin-walled structural parts,and investigates the effect of positive adsorption auxiliary support on the drilling of the thin-walled structural parts through the combination of simulation and experiments.The results show that under the simulation and experimental conditions in this paper,the positive adsorption auxiliary support can improve the stiffness of the drilling position by more than 40 times,reduce the roughness of the hole wall by more than 67%,reduce the roundness tolerance by more than 60%,reduce the deviation of the hole entrance and exit diameters by more than 90%,and reduce the aperture deviation by more than 50%,so that the positive adsorption auxiliary support can significantly improve the precision and quality of the thin-walled structural parts.

关 键 词：正向吸附辅助支撑 薄壁结构件 钻削 刚度 变形 

分 类 号：TG52[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]