基于“崖面使用”的北石窟寺空间格局演进初探  

Preliminary Exploration into the Evolution of North Cave Temple Spatial Patterns Based on "Cliff Use"

作　　者：杨润泽 魏文斌[2] Yang Runze;Wei Wenbin

机构地区：[1]兰州大学敦煌学研究所,兰州市730020 [2]兰州大学考古学及博物馆学研究所,兰州市730020

出　　处：《考古》2024年第5期94-105,共12页Archaeology

摘　　要：石窟寺的修建是一项长时间、多工种共同参与的大型营造工程。石窟在开凿和使用过程中,往往会在崖面上遗留较多遗迹,如斩山、窟檐、栈道、排水等。通过研究这些遗迹,有助于判定洞窟的组合关系和年代分期,揭示石窟寺的历史面貌和营建者的规划理念等。宿白、李裕群、魏正中根据崖面建筑遗迹,分别对云冈、麦积山和龟兹石窟的洞窟组合及年代分期进行研究[1]。Based on conditions of cliff use,this study reveals layout characteristics and grotto niche patterns from the Northern Wei to Qing dynasties through on-site investigation of North Cave Temple in Qingyang City,Gansu.This allows for reconstruction of the evolution of spatial patterns over time,divided into three stages:from the Northern Wei through the Sui Dynasty,the Tang Dynasty,and from the Song through the Qing Dynasty,corresponding to the stages of inception,prosperity,as well as stagnation and restoration.Additionally,this study explores the generative logic behind formation of the temple's spatial patterns from social,natural,and ideological perspectives,identifying three key influencing factors:the temple's historical significance as the prime mover,constraints imposed by the original cliff surface,and shifting location preferences of builders across different eras.

关 键 词：北石窟寺 崖面使用 空间格局演进 生成逻辑 北魏至清代 

分 类 号：K878.6[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]