成形砂轮激光修整的多轮廓图像合成检测方法  

Multi-profile images synthesis detection method for laser dressing of forming grinding wheels

作　　者：刘宣呈 陈根余[1,2] 操坤 曹明月 梅枫 LIU Xuancheng;CHEN Genyu;CAO Kun;CAO Mingyue;MEI Feng(College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;Laser Research Institute of Hunan University,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,长沙410082 [2]湖南大学激光研究所,长沙410082

出　　处：《激光技术》2024年第3期395-404,共10页Laser Technology

摘　　要：为了解决复杂轮廓成形砂轮激光修整过程中在线检测难、轮廓检测精度低、速度慢等问题,搭建了一套基于砂轮激光修整机床的图像采集系统,提出了一种多轮廓图像合成检测方法,定义了轮廓波动带的概念。首先利用引导滤波和灰度变换预处理砂轮轮廓图像,增强轮廓特征;再使用全局阈值分割和反二值化得到二值图像,将二值图像序列合成为带有像素频率信息的轮廓频率图像,通过阈值分割提取出轮廓波动带;最后使用随机抽样一致算法结合最小二乘法对波动带最外侧的边缘点集进行拟合,完成直线和圆弧特征的检测。结果表明,该检测方法与单一截面视觉检测法相比,检测效率接近,但误差范围缩小了66.67%;与磨削复映检测法相比,检测结果存在一个固定偏差,平均误差在7μm左右,但检测效率提高了91.67%。该方法能高精度、高效地检测成形砂轮轮廓,为成形砂轮轮廓检测方法提供了新思路。To solve the problems of complex online inspection,low accuracy,and slow speed of profile inspection during laser dressing of complex profile forming grinding wheels,a set of image acquisition systems based on laser dressing grinding wheel machine tool was built,and a multi-profile image synthesis detection method was proposed,which defined the concept of profile wave band.Firstly,the guided filter and grayscale transformation were used to preprocess the grinding wheel profile image to enhance the features of the grinding wheel profile,and then the binary image was obtained by global thresholding segmentation and inverse binarization,and then the binary image sequence was synthesized into a profile frequency image with pixel frequency information,and the profile wave band was extracted by thresholding segmentation.Finally,the random sample consensus algorithm combined with the least squares method was used to fit the outermost edge point set of the wave band to complete the detection of straight line and circular arc features.The results show that the detection efficiency of the detection method is similar to that of the single-section visual inspection method,but the error range is reduced by 66.67%.Compared with the grinding remapping detection method,there is a fixed deviation in the inspection results,with an average error of about 7μm,but the detection efficiency is increased by 91.67%.This method can detect the profile of the forming wheel with high precision and efficiency,which provides a new idea for the profile detection method of the forming grinding wheel.

关 键 词：图像处理 激光修整成形砂轮 轮廓检测 引导滤波 阈值分割 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TG665[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术] TG74[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]