脑机接口不构成对具身认知的挑战  

Brain-Computer Interface:No Challenge to Embodied Cognition

作　　者：何静[1] HE Jing

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学哲学系,上海200062

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期41-48,共8页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科项目“预测心智视野下的群体智能研究”(22BZX040);上海市哲社项目“预测心智视野下的社会规范问题研究”(2021BZX002);国家社科重大项目“马克思主义认识论与认知科学范式的相关性研究”(22&ZD034)。

摘　　要：脑机接口技术通过将主体大脑中的神经信号转化为控制外部设备的指令,从而实现了从思想到行动的直接转化。不少研究者认为,脑机接口表明了认知过程能够以非具身方式实现,因而身体的感知运动过程对于认知来说并非不可或缺。从预测加工的视角看,脑机接口的实现仍然高度依赖主体先验的身体性知识以及“虚拟”的身体行动模式,身体的经验结构对于认知过程具有重要的建构作用。这样的探究不但有助于加深人们对脑机接口的原理、技术实现、应用前景等的认识,而且有助于拓展人们对具身认知相关哲学立场的理解,并在新的视域中重新思考大脑、身体和世界之间的深层次关系。Brain-computer interface(BCI)technology achieves a direct transformation from thought to action by converting neural signals in the subject’s brain into commands to control external devices.Many researchers believe that BCI demonstrates that cognitive processes can be realized in a disembodied manner,suggesting that the body’s perceptual-motor processes are not indispensable for cognition.From the perspective of predictive processing,the implementation of BCI still heavily relies on the subject’s prior embodied knowledge and“virtual”body action patterns,indicating that the experiential structure of the body plays a significant constructive role in cognitive processes.Such investigations not only help deepen our understanding of the prin-ciples,technical implementation,and application prospects of BCI but also contribute to expanding our comprehension of embod-ied cognition-related philosophical positions and reconsidering the deep relationship between the brain,body,and world from a new perspective.

关 键 词：脑机接口 具身性 非具身 预测加工 具身认知 闭锁综合征 感知运动理论 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]