近视的危险因素、并发症及预防性治疗的最新研究进展  

Recent research progress on risk factors,complications and preventive treatment of myopia

作　　者：王雪 吕洋 WANG Xue;LU Yang(The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China;Ophthalmology Center of the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Forces of Chinese People’s Liberation Army,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu Province,China;Basic Medical Laboratory of the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army,Gansu Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Gene Medicine,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,甘肃省兰州市730000 [2]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院眼科中心,甘肃省兰州市730050 [3]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院基础医学实验室,甘肃省干细胞与基因药物重点实验室,甘肃省兰州市730050

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2024年第7期564-571,共8页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:82000926);甘肃省卫生健康委员基金资助项目(编号:GSWSKY2022-05);联勤保障部队第九四〇医院院基金(编号:2021yxky033,2023YXKY011,2023YXKY033)。

摘　　要：随着全球近视患病率的增加,近视已成为全球极其关注的健康问题。近视的发展已被证明与环境因素、遗传因素、基因-环境相互作用及其他因素有关。另外,近视后期发展的病理后果,包括近视性黄斑病变、近视牵引性黄斑病变、脉络膜新生血管、后巩膜葡萄肿等,目前是不可逆性失明的常见原因。因此,有必要采取策略来降低近视的患病率和进展为高度近视的概率,虽然有一系列近视管理和控制策略可以治疗这种疾病,但很明显,了解延缓近视发作和减缓其进展的因素将是减缓其全球患病率迅速上升的关键。本文旨在总结近视的危险因素、并发症和预防性治疗。With the increasing prevalence of myopia worldwide,myopia has become a global health problem of great concern.The development of myopia has been proven to be related to environmental factors,genetic factors,gene-environment interactions,and other factors.In addition,the pathological consequences during the later development of myopia,including myopic macular degeneration,myopic traction maculopathy,choroidal neovascularization,and posterior staphyloma,are the common causes of irreversible blindness.Therefore,strategies are necessary to reduce the prevalence of myopia and the progression to high myopia.Although there are a range of myopia management and control strategies available to treat this disease,it is clear that understanding the factors that delay the onset of myopia and slow its progression will be key to reducing its rapidly rising global prevalence.This article aims to summarize the risk factors,complications and preventive treatment of myopia.

关 键 词：近视 环境因素 遗传因素 高度近视 病理性近视 预防性治疗 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科]