不同磷酸二氢钾喷施量对水稻淀粉合成及相关基因的影响  

Effects of Different Spray Contents of KH_(2)PO_(4) on Starch Synthesis and Expression of Genes Involved in Starch Biosynthesis in Rice

作　　者：赵蓉 袁梦 刘佳影 宋建国 徐培州[1] 吴先军[1] 陈晓琼[1] ZHAO Rong;YUAN Meng;LIU Jiaying;SONG Jianguo;XU Peizhou;WU Xianjun;CHEN Xiaoqiong(Rice Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学水稻研究所,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2024年第3期506-514,共9页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技厅项目(2022NSFSC0141、24NSFSC0299);四川省科技厅创新团队项目(2023NSFSC1996);成都市科技局项目(2023-YF08-00005-SN)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究在相同栽培条件下不同磷酸二氢钾喷施量对水稻淀粉合成及相关基因的影响。【方法】以3种不同直链淀粉含量的水稻品种作为试验材料,采用两因素裂区设计,4种磷酸二氢钾喷施水平处理,取开花后10 d颖果,提取RNA并分析GBSSⅠ、BEⅡb、BEⅠ、SSⅡa及SSⅢa基因的表达量,待籽粒完全成熟后,检测供试水稻精米及糙米的总淀粉含量、总蛋白含量和总脂质含量,以及供试水稻精米的直链淀粉含量和抗性淀粉含量。【结果】对直链和抗性淀粉分析,磷酸二氢钾处理对琥珀一号可显著提高精米直链淀粉含量和抗性淀粉含量,分别提高了22.43%和95.01%;在琥珀二号和糯优一号中降低直链淀粉含量,但提高抗性淀粉含量,直链淀粉分别降低6.75%和64.24%,抗性淀粉分别提高55.63%和43.07%。进一步对淀粉合成通路关键基因表达分析,磷酸二氢钾影响GBSSⅠ、BEⅡb、BEⅠ、SSⅡa及SSⅢa基因表达,且在3个供试水稻品种籽粒中均呈现先增加后降低趋势。对脂质和蛋白含量分析,随磷酸二氢钾浓度的升高,3个供试水稻品种精米及糙米的脂质含量均逐渐增加,精米中各品种相对于CK分别提高了72.64%、24.24%和4.71%,糙米中各品种脂质含量相对于CK分别提高了25.88%、17.20%和7.81%。相反,在精米中琥珀一号及琥珀二号总蛋白含量比CK分别降低了19.71%和22.15%,而糯优一号材料的蛋白质含量影响不同于其他2个品种,变化呈现波动性,在糙米中,琥珀一号及糯优一号蛋白质含量变化趋势与精米一致,琥珀二号材料的蛋白质含量变化与精米不同,呈现升高状态,最高比CK增加了30.30%。【结论】喷施磷酸二氢钾能够在一定程度上提高稻米精米的抗性淀粉含量以及淀粉合成通路关键基因的表达量,对水稻直链淀粉合成具有一定的品种特异性,能够提高稻米中精米及糙米的脂质含量,但降低精米蛋白质含量。根据不【Objective】The objective of this study was to determine how starch content is affected by KH_(2)PO_(4).The study assessed starch content and genes involved in starch biosynthesis using different spray concentrations of KH_(2)PO_(4)under the same cultivation conditions.【Method】Three rice cultivars with varying amylose content were used as experimental materials,employing a two-factor split-plot de⁃sign with four spray levels of KH_(2)PO_(4).The study measured the expression levels of GBSSⅠ,BEⅠ,BEⅡb,SSⅡa,SSⅢa genes in the grains ten days after flowering.It also determined the total starch content,total and resistant starch content in polished rice.【Result】In the rice cultivar Hupo1,the amylose and resis⁃tant starch contents were significantly increased by spraying with KH_(2)PO_(4),by 22.43%and 95.01%,re⁃spectively.However,in Hupo2 and Nuoyou1,the amylose content was significantly reduced by 6.75%and 64.24%,respectively.Conversely,spraying with KH_(2)PO_(4)increased the resistant starch content of Hupo2 and Nuoyou1 by 55.63%and 43.07%,respectively.Expression analysis of key genes in the starch synthesis pathway revealed that the levels of GBSSⅠ,BEⅡb,BEⅠ,SSⅡa,and SSⅢa genes in the grains of the three tested rice varieties showed a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease.Spraying with KH_(2)PO_(4)significantly increased the lipid content in both polished and brown rice of the three tested varieties,with increases of 72.64%,24.24%,and 4.71%in polished rice,and 25.88%,17.20%,and 7.81%in brown rice,respectively.In contrast,the total protein content in polished rice of Hupo1 and Hupo2 was significantly reduced by 19.71%and 22.15%,respectively.The total protein content of Nuoyou1 was affected differently compared to the other two varieties.In brown rice,the trend of protein content change in Hupo1 and Nuoyou1 was consistent with that in polished rice,while Hupo2 showed a different trend,with an increase in protein content of up to 30.30%.【Conclusion】KH_(2)PO_(4)can increa

关 键 词：磷酸二氢钾 水稻 淀粉 淀粉合成相关基因 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]