福泉山遗址出土蛇纹石质玉器的玉料来源分析  

Materials Origin Traceability of Serpentine Jade Artifacts Unearthed from Fuquanshan Site

作　　者：郑昕雨 谷娴子[1,2] 黄翔 丘志力[2] 张跃峰 黄湘通 ZHENG Xinyu;GU Xianzi;HUANG Xiang;QIU Zhili;ZHANG Yuefeng;HUANG Xiangtong(Shanghai Mesuem,Shanghai 200003,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海博物馆,上海200003 [2]中山大学地球科学与工程学院,广东珠海519082 [3]同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《宝石和宝石学杂志（中英文）》2024年第3期1-9,共9页Journal of Gems & Gemmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42003022)资助。

摘　　要：蛇纹石质玉是考古发现最早使用的玉石材料之一,其玉料产地溯源一直是学界的难题。本次研究以21件上海青浦福泉山遗址出土崧泽至良渚时期蛇纹石质玉器为对象,报道了其中19件样品的便携X射线荧光光谱(p-XRF)无损测试结果及6件样品的激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)原位微量元素测试结果,对其玉料产地溯源进行了初步探索。结果显示,福泉山遗址所用蛇纹石质玉料Cr、Ni元素含量差异较大,大部分样品含量低于100μg/g,部分样品含量高于1 000μg/g,存在大理岩型与超基性岩型两种成因类型,指示多产地来源。其中,本文测试的大理岩型蛇纹石质玉器样品Cr/Ni值范围分布于0.16~1.21,超基性岩型样品Cr/Ni值为1.88,两种类型样品分别与辽宁营口及甘肃武山蛇纹石质玉的Cr/Ni值分布范围较接近。此外,福泉山遗址出土大理岩型蛇纹石质玉器样品稀土元素总量较低,配分模式多样,部分样品稀土配分模式与辽宁营口蛇纹石质玉较匹配。结果说明此综合测试分析方法可为特定类型的蛇纹石质古玉器提供产地溯源的参考依据。Serpentine jade is one of the earliest used jade materials,and its origin traceability has been a difficult problem for the academic circle.This study focused on 21 pieces of serpentine jade artifacts unearthed from the Songze culture to Liangzhu culture periods at the Fuquanshan site,Qingpu,Shanghai,and 19 of them were subjected to non-destructive testing by portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(p-XRF),and 6 of them were subjected to micro-area trace element testing by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS).The results show that there is a significant difference in the content of Cr and Ni elements in serpentine jade,with most samples having a content below 100μg/g,some samples have a content higher than 1000μg/g,and there are two types:magnesian dolomite-type and ultramafic rock-type,which indicates that they originate from multiple sources.According to trace element analyses,the Cr/Ni ratios of the magnesian dolomite-type samples are from 0.16 to 1.21,which are close to the distribution range of serpentine jade from Yingkou,Liaoning.The Cr/Ni ratio of the ultramafic rock-type sample is 1.88,which is close to the range of the serpentine jade from Wushan,Gansu.The total amount of rare earth elements in dolomite-type serpentine jade samples unearthed from Fuquanshan site is relatively low,and the distribution patterns are diverse.Some rare earth distribution patterns in the samples match well with the serpentine jade from Yingkou,Liaoning.This analysis method can provide a reference for tracing the origin of specific types of ancient serpentine jade artifacts.

关 键 词：蛇纹石质玉 产地溯源 LA-ICP-MS p-XRF 福泉山遗址 

分 类 号：TS93[轻工技术与工程] K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]