神经成像数据共享中的伦理问题探究  

Exploration of ethical issues in neuroimaging data sharing

作　　者：吴周康 何晓松 WU Zhoukang;HE Xiaosong(Department of Philosophy of Science and Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Department of Psychology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技哲学系,安徽合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学心理学系,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2024年第6期669-676,共8页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：中国科学院青年人才项目“难治性癫痫的网络神经机制研究”(USTC-BR-2022-08)。

摘　　要：近年来,世界各国投入了大量资源用于脑功能和疾病的神经影像学研究,大量且更易获取的神经成像数据将对认知神经科学和精神病学的研究产生深远影响,从而助力脑疾病诊断与治疗的发展。目前,神经成像数据共享逐渐成为趋势,但随之而来的一些伦理问题也值得思考。从公众、研究人员、用户和数据中心四个共享主体梳理了神经成像数据共享中出现的伦理问题,深入分析了问题产生的原因,并在责任伦理的基础上,结合贝尔蒙特原则的指导,提出了加强神经伦理委员会建设、完善知情同意模型、构建数据共享基础设施、建立数据隐私保护机制以及引入监管保护措施的治理对策,为促进神经成像数据的共享以及最大限度地提高被试的贡献提供一定的参考。In recent years,countries around the world have invested a lot of resources in neuroimaging research on brain function and diseases.The abundant and more easily accessible neuroimaging data will have a profound impact on the research of cognitive neuroscience and psychiatry,thereby assisting the development of the diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases.At present,neuroimaging data sharing is gradually becoming a trend,but it is also worth considering of some unique ethical issues that come with it.Therefore,from the four shared entities of the public,researchers,users,and data centers,this paper sorted out the ethical issues in neuroimaging data sharing,and deeply analyzed the reasons for these issues.Based on the responsibility ethics and combined with the guidance of the Belmont principles,governance responses were proposed,including strengthening the construction of neuroethics committees,improving informed consent models,building data sharing infrastructure,establishing data privacy protection mechanisms,and introducing regulatory protections,to provide a certain reference for promoting the neuroimaging data sharing and maximizing the contribution of participants.

关 键 词：神经成像 数据共享 共享主体 伦理问题 责任伦理 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]