帽儿山区野生软枣猕猴桃雄株枝叶性状多样性研究  

Research on Diversity of Male Branches and Leaves of Actinidia arguta in Maoershan Area

作　　者：张毓[1] 孔德馨 董坤 秦栋 孟凡娟[2] ZHANG Yu;KONG Dexin;DONG Kun;QIN Dong;MENG Fanjuan(Horticultural Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Scicnces,Harbin 150069,China;College of Life Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院,黑龙江哈尔滨150069 [2]东北林业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]东北农业大学园艺园林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2024年第7期49-57,共9页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1600500)。

摘　　要：为建立优异软枣猕猴桃雄株综合评价体系,初步筛选保存的长白山山脉帽儿山区野生雄株软枣猕猴桃资源,以25份雄性软枣猕猴桃为调查对象,参考《猕猴桃种质资源描述规范和数据标准》的调查方法对全部资源进行了生物学性状的观察和测量。结果表明,一年生枝阳面色泽以褐色系列为主,皮孔多为浅黄色或灰白色的小皮孔,皮孔形状则以短梭形和椭圆形为主,且多在枝条上排列较为密集。一年生枝横截面表型以圆形和椭圆形为主,芽座多为小芽座,枝条叶痕较多表现为浅,M17-35的一年生枝节间长度最长,为3.7 cm,M17-16节间长度最小,为1.6 cm。成叶与幼叶在形状及叶基形状上具有一定差异,幼叶均为卵圆形,但部分资源的叶片发育为阔卵形,幼叶叶基为楔形和圆形,成叶叶基为心形和圆形。全部资源成叶叶片均被白色刚毛,多双面被毛,其中5份资源背面无毛。成叶叶片长度在8.3~11.8 cm,平均值为9.9 cm。叶片宽度在5.3~6.8 cm,平均值为6.2 cm。其中M17-40的叶片最大,叶片长度和宽度分别为11.8 cm和6.8 cm。全部资源的叶柄长度在2.6~3.9 cm,平均长度为3.2 cm,叶柄直径在1.7~2.5 mm,平均值为2.1 mm。综合来看M17-1的叶柄最长最粗,分别为3.9 cm和2.5 mm。In order to establish a comprehensive evaluation system for male arguta and preliminarily select preserved wild male arguta resources in the Maoershan Area,25 male Actinidia arguta samples were used as survey objects,and their biological characteristics were observed and measured using the survey method of Kiwifruit Germplasm Resource Description Specification and Data Standard.The results showed that the color of the sunny side of the annual branches was mainly brown series.Most of the pores were light yellow or gray small pores,and the shape of the pores was mainly short fusiform and oval,and most of them were densely arranged on the branches.The annual branch cross-sectional phenotype was mainly round and oval,the bud bases were mostly small,and the branch leaf scars were mostly shallow.The annual internode length of M17-35 was the longest,which was 3.7 cm,and the internode length of M17-16 was the smallest,which was 1.6 cm.There were some differences in the shape and basal shape between adult and young leaves.The young leaves were oval,but some resources young leaves would transform into broadly oval,the juvenile leaf base was wedge-shaped and round,and the adult leaf base was heart-shaped and round.The leaves of all the resources were covered with white seta,multi-sided hair,and the back of 5 resources was hairless.The length of leaf formation was from 8.3 cm to 11.8 cm,with an average of 9.9 cm.The blade width was from 5.3 cm to 6.8 cm,with an average of 6.2 cm.M17-40 had the largest blade with a length and width of 11.8 cm and 6.8 cm,respectively.The petiole length ranged from 2.6 cm to 3.9 cm,with an average length of 3.2 cm,and the petiole thickness ranged from 1.7 mm to 2.5 mm,with an average value of 2.1 mm.In summary,M17-1 had the longest and widest petiole,which were 3.9 cm and 2.5 mm,respectively.

关 键 词：软枣猕猴桃 雄株 枝叶性状 多样性 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]