大国智造的“器”质:机器人驱动工业高质量发展的机理与效能  

“Qi Zhi” of a Great Power's Intelligent Manufacturing:Mechanism and Efficacy of Robots Driving Industrial High-Quality Development

作　　者：傅联英[1] 韩蓄 蔡煜 彭继宗 FU Lian-ying;HAN Xu;CAI Yu;PENG Ji-zong(School of Economics and Finance,Huaqiao University,Quanzhou 362021,China;School of Statistics and Data Science,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学经济与金融学院,泉州362021 [2]江西财经大学统计与数据科学学院,南昌330013

出　　处：《研究与发展管理》2024年第3期113-124,共12页R&D Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“数字正义视角下算法价格歧视的福利损益及向善治理研究”(22AJY016)。

摘　　要：工业机器人是大国制造的新引擎,驱动着制造业智能化、高端化、绿色化发展。本文以工业机器人应用为出发点,以人员精简化、技能高级化、分工精细化、产业多样化为衔接点,以工业高质量发展战略目标为落脚点,阐释机器人驱动工业高质量发展的机理并评估效能。基准回归结果表明,机器人应用显著地促进了工业高质量发展。经内生性矫正和稳健性检验后发现,机器人应用产生的工业提质效应依然显著。机制检验结果显示,机器人应用正是通过促进人员精简化、技能高级化、分工精细化、产业多样化4重渠道,驱动了工业高质量发展。异质性分析结果进一步发现,机器人应用产生的工业提质效应在大城市、西部地区以及超老龄社会阶段更为强劲。研究结论为理解工业机器人何以赋能工业高质量发展提供了理论逻辑和经验证据,为加速迈向“中国智造”提出了新思路和新抓手。Industrial robots are the new kinetic energy of manufacturing,propelling the evolution toward intelligent,sophisticated,and eco-friendly manufacturing industries.It took industrial robot application as the starting point,the streamlining of personnel,the advanced skills,the refinement of division of labor,and the diversification of industry as the interface,and the strategic goal of industrial high-quality development as the landing point,to explain the mechanism of robot-driven industrial high-quality development and to assess the effectiveness.Benchmark regression results show that industrial robot applications significantly contribute to industrial high-quality development.After endogeneity correction and robustness test,it finds that the industrial quality-enhancing effect of industrial robot application is still significant.The results of the mechanism test show that industrial robot application drives industrial high-quality development precisely through the four-fold channel of promoting personnel streamlining,skill advancement,division of labor refinement,and industrial diversification.Heterogeneity analysis further reveals that the industrial quality-enhancing effect of industrial robot application is stronger in large cities,in the western region,and the stage of super-aged societies.The findings provide both theoretical logic and empirical evidence for understanding how industrial robots can empower industrial quality development,empower industrial quality development,and suggest new ideas and new approaches for accelerating the progress toward “China's Intelligent Manufacturing”.

关 键 词：工业机器人 工业高质量发展 人员精简化 技能高级化 分工精细化 产业多样化 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]