小胶质细胞在脑缺血再灌注损伤中的作用机制研究进展  

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Microglia in Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury

作　　者：谢官莉 邓力 廖江龙[2] XIE Guan-li;DENG Li;LIAO Jiang-long(The Second Clinical Medical College,Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Kunming 650000,Yunnan,China;Department of Orthopedics,Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Kunming 650000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南中医药大学第二临床医学院,云南昆明650000 [2]昆明市中医医院骨伤科,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《医学信息》2024年第13期179-184,共6页Journal of Medical Information

摘　　要：脑卒中是全球第三大死因,缺血性脑卒中是脑卒中的主要类型,目前治疗急性缺血性脑卒中最有效的手段是药物溶栓和机械取栓。脑血管再通后通常伴随着缺血再灌注损伤(IRI),探索IRI机制并提出有效的保护措施,既能尽早恢复脑组织的血流,又能减轻或防止IRI的发生,可对IRI患者的预后产生积极的影响。小胶质细胞是大脑的常住免疫细胞,在IRI后触发神经免疫反应,目前神经免疫反应介导的炎症已成为脑IRI治疗的靶点,然而,迄今为止,将有希望的实验结果转化为临床应用还未取得成功。部分原因可能是未考虑小胶质细胞形态和功能的动态变化,及与其他神经细胞的交互作用,片面的使用抗炎药物长期抑制小胶质细胞导致损伤恶化,故本文对小胶质细胞的功能变化情况及与其他神经细胞的交互作用进行综述,有望为小胶质细胞在脑IRI中的研究和实验室结果的临床转化提供参考。Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the world.Ischemic stroke is the main type of stroke.At present,the most effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke is drug thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy.Cerebral vascular recanalization is usually accompanied by ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI).Exploring the mechanism of IRI and proposing effective protective measures can not only restore the blood flow of brain tissue as soon as possible,but also reduce or prevent the occurrence of IRI,which has a positive impact on the prognosis of IRI patients.Microglia are resident immune cells in the brain,which trigger a neuroimmune response after IRI.At present,neuroimmune response-mediated inflammation has become a target for the treatment of cerebral IRI.However,the transformation of promising experimental results into clinical applications has not been successful.Part of the reason may be that the dynamic changes in the morphology and function of microglia and their interaction with other nerve cells are not considered.The one-sided use of anti-inflammatory drugs to inhibit microglia for a long time leads to deterioration of damage.Therefore,this article reviews the functional changes of microglia and their interaction with other nerve cells,which is expected to provide a reference for the study of microglia in brain IRI and the clinical transformation of laboratory results.

关 键 词：脑缺血再灌注损伤 小胶质细胞 神经免疫 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]