穷养儿富养女?父母物质惩罚对青少年抑郁的影响及其性别差异  

Poor Raising Son,Rich Raising Daughter?The Impact of Parental Material Punishment on Adolescent Depression and Its Gender Differences

作　　者：刘波 徐何慕青 魏华 LIU Bo;XU He-mu-qing;WEI Hua(Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang 464000,China;Normal College,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳师范大学,信阳464000 [2]青岛大学师范学院,青岛266071

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2024年第3期571-574,581,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划项目(23CJYJ16);河南省高校哲学社会科学创新人才项目(2022-CXRC-14)。

摘　　要：目的:考察父母物质惩罚对青少年抑郁的影响,并检验亲子依恋的中介作用和性别的调节作用。方法:通过纵向研究的方法,采用物质惩罚量表、亲子依恋量表和抑郁量表对937名中学生进行了间隔六个月的两次追踪调查。结果:(1)相关分析显示,物质惩罚、不安全依恋和抑郁两两之间呈显著正相关。(2)中介效应检验表明,不安全依恋在物质惩罚和抑郁之间起中介作用。(3)性别对中介路径“物质惩罚→不安全依恋→抑郁”的前半段路径起调节作用。相较于男生,物质惩罚对女生不安全依恋的影响更大。结论:物质惩罚既可以直接影响抑郁,也可以通过亲子依恋的中介作用间接影响抑郁。物质惩罚对女生亲子依恋的影响比对男生大。Objective:To examine the effect of the parent’s material punishment on adolescent depression,and to exam⁃ine the mediating role of parent-child attachment and the moderating role of gender.Methods:Two follow-up surveys were conducted on 937 middle school students with a six-month interval using the Material Punishment Scale,Parent Child At⁃tachment Scale,and Depression Scale.Results:①Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correla⁃tion among parent’s material punishment,parent-child attachment and depression.②Mediation tests showed that parentchild attachment played a mediating role between the parent’s material punishment and depression.③Gender moderated the first half of the mediating pathway“parent’s material punishment→parent-child attachment→depression”.Parent’s material punishment had a greater impact on parent-child attachment in female than in male.Conclusion:The parent’s material punishment can both directly and positively predict depression,and indirectly influence depression through the me⁃diating effect of parent-child attachment.Parent’s material punishment has a greater impact on parent-child attachment in girls than in boys.

关 键 词：父母物质惩罚 亲子依恋 抑郁 性别差异 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]