育成期雪山鸡种母鸡饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质适宜水平研究  

Study on Optimal Dietary Metabolizable Energy and Crude Protein Levels for Xueshan Breeding Hens during Growing Period

作　　者：杨文鹏 陈万虹 朱沛霁 李军 贾代汉 赵敏孟 刘龙[1] 耿拓宇[1] 龚道清[1] YANG Wenpeng;CHEN Wanhong;ZHU Peiji;LI Jun;JIA Daihan;ZHAO Minmeng;LIU Long;GENG Tuoyu;GONG Daoqing(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Jiangsu Lihua Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213100,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009 [2]江苏立华牧业股份有限公司,常州213100

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第6期3642-3656,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：2022年江苏省研究生实践创新计划项目(SJCX22_1800)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对育成期雪山鸡种母鸡生长性能、体尺性状、屠宰性能、卵巢指数、开产日龄和蛋重以及肠道微生物的影响,以明确其育成期饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质适宜水平。试验采用3×3双因素完全随机试验设计,设置3种代谢能水平(10.88、11.30、11.72 MJ/kg)和3种粗蛋白质水平(12.50%、14.00%、15.50%),同时选取6周龄末健康状态良好、体重相近的雪山鸡种母鸡1458只,随机分为9组,每组9个重复,每个重复18只鸡。试验期10周,16周龄末进行生长性能测定及屠宰采样,20周龄开始跟踪开产日龄和蛋重。结果表明:1)随着饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平的升高,育成期雪山鸡种母鸡末重和平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),料重比显著下降(P<0.05)。饲粮代谢能与粗蛋白质水平对末重和平均日增重有显著互作效应(P<0.05)。2)中代谢能组和高代谢能组体斜长、龙骨长和屠宰率显著高于低代谢能组(P<0.05);高蛋白质组体斜长和龙骨长显著高于低蛋白质组(P<0.05),全净膛率显著高于中蛋白质组和低蛋白质组(P<0.05)。3)中代谢能组开产蛋重显著高于高代谢能组(P<0.05);高蛋白质组卵巢指数显著高于低蛋白质组和中蛋白质组(P<0.05)。4)中代谢能组和高蛋白质组盲肠厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)相对丰度较高,盲肠变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度较低。综合考虑各项指标,推荐育成期雪山鸡种母鸡饲粮适宜代谢能水平为11.30 MJ/kg、粗蛋白质水平为15.50%。This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary metabolizing energy(ME)and crude protein(CP)levels on growth performance,body size traits,slaughter performance,ovarian index,laying age,primary egg weight and intestinal microflora of Xueshan breeding hens during growing period,in order to determine the appropriate dietary ME and CP levels.Three ME levels(10.88,11.30 and 11.72 MJ/kg)and three CP levels(12.50%,14.00%and 15.50%)were set in the experiment using a 3×3 two-factor completely randomized experimental design.At the same time,1458 healthy Xueshan breeding hens with similar body weight at the end of 6 weeks of age were selected and randomly divided into 9 groups with 9 replicates per group and 18 chickens per replicate.The experiment lasted for 10 weeks,and the growth performance and slaughter samples were measured at the end of 16 weeks of age;the laying age and primary egg weight were tracked from 20 weeks of age.The results showed as follows:1)with the increase of dietary ME and CP levels,the final body weight and average daily gain of Xueshan breeding hens during growing period were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly decreased(P<0.05).There were significant interaction effects between dietary ME and CP level on final body weight and average daily gain(P<0.05).2)The body slope length,fossil bone length and slaughter rate in medium and high ME groups were significantly higher than those in low ME group(P<0.05);the body slope length and fossil bone length in high protein group were significantly higher than those in low protein group(P<0.05),and the eviscerated rate was significantly higher than that in medium and low protein groups(P<0.05).3)The primary egg weight in medium ME group was significantly higher than that in high ME group(P<0.05);the ovarian index in high protein group was significantly higher than that in low and medium protein groups(P<0.05).4)The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus in cecum in medium ME group and hig

关 键 词：雪山鸡 育成期 代谢能 粗蛋白质 生长性能 肠道微生物 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]