大豆油与棉籽油饲料对花鲈生长性能及脂质和能量代谢的影响  

Effects of Soybean Oil and Cottonseed Oil Diets on Growth Performance and Lipid and Energy Metabolism of Spotted Seabass(Lateolabrax maculatus)

作　　者：侯安会 薛敏[1,3] 梁晓芳[1] 吴秀峰[1] 郑银桦[1] 王昊[1] 吴立新 王杰[1,3] HOU Anhui;XUE Min;LIANG Xiaofang;WU Xiufeng;ZHENG Yinhua;WANG Hao;WU Lixin;WANG Jie(National Aquatic Feed Safety Evaluation Center,Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;College of Fisheries and Life,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Feed Processing and Quality and Safety Innovation Team,Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,国家水产饲料安全评价中心,北京100081 [2]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,大连116023 [3]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,饲料加工与质量安全创新团队,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第6期3903-3919,共17页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2022B02039-3);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1300600)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究大豆油与棉籽油饲料对花鲈生长性能及脂质和能量代谢的影响,以期开发大豆油替代油源。试验选取200条初始体重为(62.40±0.01)g的健康花鲈,随机分为2个组,每组4个重复,每个重复25尾鱼。2组分别饲喂基于实用基础饲料配制的不同油源的等氮等能饲料,即大豆油组(SO组)和棉籽油组(CO组)饲料。试验期10周。结果表明:1)CO组饲料系数显著低于SO组(P<0.05)。2组之间形体指标、全鱼营养组分、营养转化率和经济效益均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)CO组肝脏环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)含量显著低于SO组(P<0.05),同时肝脏内基础代谢相关的基因环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白(CREB)和腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)的mRNA相对表达量显著低于SO组(P<0.05)。2组之间肝脏和后肠组织病理切片以及肝脏炎性细胞因子和血浆免疫因子含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)CO组血浆谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性及总胆汁酸(TBA)、总胆固醇(TC)含量显著高于SO组(P<0.05),但肝脏TC和甘油三酯(TG)含量显著低于SO组(P<0.05)。4)CO组肝脏脂肪生成[乙酰辅酶A羧化酶1(ACC1)、脂肪酸合成酶(FASN)]、脂肪分解[单酰基甘油脂肪酶(MAGL)、脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶(ATGL)]、脂肪酸β氧化[过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)]、脂肪细胞分化[过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)、CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白α(C/EBPα)]、胆固醇代谢[载脂蛋白Bα(APOBα)]、脂肪淤积[脂肪酸结合蛋白1(FABP1)、单酰基甘油酰基转移酶2α(MGAT2α)]、脂肪细胞转化[脂滴包被蛋白2(PLIN2)]和胆汁酸代谢相关基因[胆固醇7α-羟化酶(CYP7A1)]mRNA相对表达水平均显著低于SO组(P<0.05)。5)CO组肝脏硬脂酸(C18∶0)含量显著高于SO组(P<0.05),肝脏油酸(C18∶1n-9)、棕榈油酸(C16∶1)、鳕鱼酸(C20∶1)、神经酸(C24∶1)、亚麻酸(C18∶3n-3)、十八碳三烯酸(C18∶3n-6)和二十碳三烯酸(C20∶3n-6)含量均显著The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of soybean oil and cottonseed oil on the growth performance and lipid and energy metabolism of spotted seabass,with a view to developing an alternative oil source to soybean oil.Two hundred healthy spotted seabass with an initial body weight of(62.40±0.01)g were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups with 4 replicates per group and 25 fish per replicate.Two groups were fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets of different oil sources based on practical basal feed formulation,namely soybean oil group(SO group)and cottonseed oil group(CO group)diets.The experiment lasted for 10 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)the feed conversion ratio of CO group was significantly lower than that of SO group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in morphometric parameters,whole-body nutritional composition,nutrient conversion rates and economic benefits between two groups(P>0.05).2)The liver cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)content of CO group was significantly lower than that of SO group(P<0.05),and the mRNA relative expression levels of basal metabolism related genes cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein(CREB)and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)in liver were significantly lower than those of SO group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the histopathological sections in liver and hindgut and the liver inflammatory cytokines and plasma immune factor contents between two groups(P>0.05).3)The plasma alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activities and total bile acids(TBA)and total cholesterol(TC)contents of CO group were significantly higher than those of SO group(P<0.05),but the liver TC and triglyceride(TG)contents were significantly lower than SO group(P<0.05).4)The mRNA relative expression levels of lipogenesis[acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1(ACC1)and fatty acid synthase(FASN)],lipolysis[monoacylglycerol lipase(MAGL)and adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL)],fatty acidβ-oxidation[pero

关 键 词：花鲈 大豆油 棉籽油 能量代谢 脂质代谢 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]