广州市中老年人社会经济状况与抑郁症状的关系  

The relationship between socioeconomic status and depressive symptom of middle-aged and elderly people in Guangzhou

作　　者：卢映君[1] 张维森 朱彤[2] 靳雅丽[2] 潘静[3] 江朝强[2] LU Yingjun;ZHANG Weisen;ZHU Tong;JIN Yali;PAN Jing;JIANG Chaoqiang(Department of Occupational Health Management,Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province 510620,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广州市第十二人民医院职业卫生管理科,广东省广州510620 [2]广州市第十二人民医院分子流行病学研究室,广东省广州510620 [3]广州市第十二人民医院科教信息科

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2024年第4期287-291,共5页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0907105)。

摘　　要：目的分析广州市中老年人社会经济状况(SES)与抑郁症状的相关性,为预防中老年抑郁症提供科学参考。方法选择广州生物库队列第三期基线调查(2006年9月至2008年2月)中完成老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)调查的9739人为研究对象,收集人口学特征、SES和抑郁症状等数据,采用SPSS 26.0软件进行t检验、趋势χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果研究对象平均年龄为(60.2±7.8)岁,抑郁症状阳性率为14.5%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,调整性别、年龄、婚姻、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、饮食习惯、自评健康、慢性病共病和亲友支持后,综合评分的SES、文化程度、职业、家庭年收入均与抑郁症状独立相关,抑郁症状阳性患病风险随SES和文化程度的降低而上升(P趋势<0.01)。SES中等(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.25~1.74)和偏低(OR=2.12,95%CI:1.81~2.50),初中(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.04~1.44),小学或以下(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.21~1.69),手工作业或其他职业(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.11~1.59),家庭年收入不足3万元或不确定(OR=1.45,95%CI:1.27~1.65)与中老年抑郁症状阳性高风险相关。文化程度、家庭年收入和职业与抑郁症状的相关不存在交互作用(P>0.05)。结论综合评分的SES与抑郁症状的相关性优于其代表指标,中老年抑郁症的防控应重点关注SES偏低的人群。Objective To analyze the correlation between socioeconomic status(SES)and depressive symptom of middle-aged and elderly people,and provide the scientific evidence for the prevention of depression in middle-aged and elderly people.Methods A total of 9739 cases who completed the Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-15)survey in the third phase of baseline survey of Guangzhou Biobank Cohort(September 2006 to February 2008)were selected as the subjects.The data of demographic characteristics,SES and depression symptom were collected.The t test,χ^(2) test,trendχ^(2) test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the data.The used software was SPSS 26.0.Results The mean age of subjects was(60.2±7.8)years old.The rate of positive depressive symptom was 14.5%.The multivariate logistic regression showed that after adjusting the gender,age,marriage,smoking,alcohol drinking,physical activity,diet habits,self-rated health,chronic disease comorbidity and support from relatives and friends,the SES of comprehensive score,educational level,job and family annul income correlated independently to depressive symptom,the risk of positive depressive symptom increase with decreased SES and educational level(Ptrend<0.01).The high risk of positive depressive symptom in middle-aged and elderly people correlated to moderate SES(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.25-1.74),lower SES(OR=2.12,95%CI:1.81-2.50),junior middle school level(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.04-1.44),≤elementary school level(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.21-1.69),hand work and other jobs(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.11-1.59)and family annual income<30000 yuan(OR=1.45,95%CI:1.27-1.65).There was no interaction between educational level,annual household income or occupation and depressive symptom(P>0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive score of SES is better associated with depressive symptom than its representative indicators.The prevention and control of depression in the middle-aged and elderly people should focus on those with lower SES.

关 键 词：社会经济状况 文化程度 职业 家庭年收入 中老年人 抑郁症状 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]