扣件失效对车-轨-路-地耦合系统垂向振动特性影响研究  

Study on the Influence of Fastening Failure on Vertical Vibration Characteristics of Vehicle-track-subgrade-foundation Coupling System

作　　者：姚钰琨 王旭东 张建林 任向飞 YAO Yukun;WANG Xudong;ZHANG Jianlin;REN Xiangfei(College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030000,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院,山西太原030000

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第3期124-129,共6页Rolling Stock

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金(RZ19100425)。

摘　　要：通过有限元软件Abaqus和多体动力学软件UM联立仿真,从刚柔耦合的角度建立了车辆-轨道-路基-地基耦合振动分析模型,对比分析了正常工况、单侧扣件失效1个、3个、5个和两侧扣件失效1~5对等工况对整个系统动力响应的影响规律。研究结果表明:单侧扣件失效5个时,对钢轨垂向位移和垂向加速度影响较大,对车体垂向加速度影响较小;两侧扣件失效工况下,2.5~5对扣件失效时钢轨垂向位移超过标准规定的最大允许值2mm;轨道板和基床表层垂向振动加速度变化趋势几乎一致,与正常工况相比皆增加了约4倍,轨道板和基床表层垂向位移较正常工况变化量不大;出现非对称扣件失效时脱轨系数和轮重减载率发生突变,此时车辆脱轨风险较高。Through the co-simulation of finite element software Abaqus and multi-body dynamics software UM,the coupling vibration analysis model of vehicle-track-subgrade-foundation is established from the perspective of rigid-flexible coupling,and the influence laws of normal working conditions,one-side fastenings failure of 1,3,5 and two-side fastenings failure of 1~5 on the dynamic response of the whole system are compared and analyzed.The results show that when one-side fastenings fails for 5 times,it has a great influence on the vertical displacement and acceleration of rail,but has a little influence on the vertical acceleration of carbody;Under the condition of both-side fastenings failure,the vertical displacement of rail exceeds the maximum allowable value of 2 mm when 2.5~5 pairs of fastenings fail;The vertical vibration acceleration of track slab and subgrade surface is almost identical,which increases about 4 times compared with normal working condition,and the vertical displacement of track slab and subgrade surface has little change compared with normal working condition;When asymmetric fastening failure occurs,the derailment coefficient and wheel load reduction rate change suddenly,and the risk of vehicle derailment is high.

关 键 词：车辆-轨道-路基-地基耦合模型 扣件失效 Abaqus-UM联立仿真 动力响应 脱轨系数 轮重减载率 

分 类 号：U216.9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]