符合型光子计数器设计与教学实验应用  

Design and Teaching Experiment Application of Coincidence Photon Counter

作　　者：彭志华 徐晓禹 张伟[1,2] 王仁生[1,2] 屈卫卫 张高龙[3] PENG Zhihua;XU Xiaoyu;ZHANG Wei;WANG Rensheng;QU Weiwei;ZHANG Gaolong(School of Radiation Medicine andProtection,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China;State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Radiation Protection,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China;School of Physics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学苏州医学院放射医学与防护学院,江苏苏州215123 [2]苏州大学放射医学与辐射防护国家重点实验室,江苏苏州215123 [3]北京航空航天大学物理学院,北京100191

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2024年第3期55-61,共7页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(11705123)。

摘　　要：单光子计数是灵敏度最高的弱光测量技术,在生物医药、基础物理研究中具有广泛的应用,这使得光子计数实验成为核物理、核技术等学科本科生培养中的重要实验。实际应用中,为了降低噪声干扰及提取时间关联信息,符合法已广泛地应用在光子计数技术中,而目前并没有将符合技术应用在单光子计数上的教学实验设备。尤其,传统的光子计数教学实验设备需再匹配甄别器和符合模块,这增加了实验教学的成本以及复杂度。为了加强对光子计数测量和符合法基本原理的理解,基于FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)研制了符合型光子计数器。“符合型光子计数器”在传统光子计数器的基础上,增加了双通道光子符合测量(计数及时间间隔)的功能,并将光源改进为经滤光片衰减的TTL(晶体管-晶体管逻辑)信号调制的脉冲光源。这使得仪器不仅满足传统教学实验仪器的需求,亦可基于仪器设计多种扩展性实验。Single-photon counting is the most sensitive weak light measurement technique,with widespread applications in biomedicine,basic physics research,making it an important experimental subject for the training of undergraduates in nuclear physics,nuclear technology,etc.In practical applications,to reduce noise interference and extract time-correlated information,the coincidence method has been widely used in photon counting technology.However,there is no coincidence-based photon counting teaching experiment equipment at present.In particular,the traditional photon counting teaching experiment equipment needs to be matched with a discriminator and coincidence module,which increases the cost and complexity of the experimental teaching.Therefore,in order to strengthen the understanding of photon counting measurement and coincidence principle,a coincidence-based photon counter was developed based on Field-Programmable Gate Array(FPGA).The“coincidence-based photon counter”instrument,based on the traditional photon counting instrument,has added the function of dual-channel photon coincidence measurement(counting and time interval)and improved the light source to a pulsed light source modulated by transistor-transistor logic(TTL)signal through a filter.This makes the instrument not only meet the needs of traditional teaching experiment instruments,but also allows various expandable experiments to be designed based on the instrument.

关 键 词：光子计数 符合测量 FPGA 教学实验 

分 类 号：TN202[电子电信—物理电子学]