载脂蛋白E4对阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆的影响  

Effects of ApoE4 on Alzheimer′s disease and related dementia

作　　者：尚丽 董立羚[1] 王添艺 黄欣莹 毛晨晖[1] 高晶[1] Shang Li;Dong Liling;Wang Tianyi;Huang Xinying;Mao Chenhui;Gao Jing(Department of Neurology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院神经科,北京100730

出　　处：《中华神经科杂志》2024年第6期649-654,共6页Chinese Journal of Neurology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0804500,2020YFA0804501)。

摘　　要：载脂蛋白E( ApoE)基因是散发性阿尔茨海默病(AD)重要的遗传风险决定因素。相对于常见的 ApoEε3等位基因,携带 ApoEε4等位基因可增加AD的发病风险,而 ApoEε2等位基因可降低AD的发病风险。3种等位基因分别编码ApoE2、ApoE3、ApoE4蛋白异构体。ApoE4通过调节β淀粉样蛋白、tau蛋白、反应性DNA结合蛋白-43、神经炎症和脑血管功能等,参与AD的发病。ApoE4也可在其他神经系统疾病中发挥毒性作用。本文描述了ApoE的生物学特征、ApoE4在AD发病机制中的作用以及对其他神经系统疾病的影响,以便提高临床医生对ApoE4参与AD及相关痴呆发病机制的认识。The ApoE gene is a genetic risk determinant for sporadic Alzheimer′s disease(AD).The ApoEε4 allele increases the risk of developing AD relative to the common ApoEε3 allele,whereas the ApoEε2 allele decreases the risk of developing the disease.The 3 alleles encode ApoE2,ApoE3,and ApoE4 protein isoforms,respectively.ApoE4 contributes to the pathogenesis of AD by regulatingβ-amyloid protein,tau protein,transactive response DNA-binding protein-43,neuroinflammation,and cerebral vascular function.The pathways associated with ApoE also offer new opportunities for the treatment of AD.In addition,studies have shown that ApoE4 also plays a toxic role in other neurological disorders.This article described the biological characteristics of ApoE,as well as the impact of ApoE4 on AD and related dementias,aiming to enhance clinical doctors′understanding of the involvement of ApoE4 in the pathogenesis of AD and related dementia.

关 键 词：载脂蛋白E 阿尔茨海默病 突触核蛋白病 额颞叶痴呆 痴呆 血管性 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]