基于蒙医药学古籍文献探析蒙药药物警戒科学内涵  

Exploring the scientific connotation of Mongolian Medicine pharmacovigilance based on ancient Mongolian Medical literature

作　　者：阿拉腾花 高磊 张晓朦[1,2] 张冰 ALATENG Hua;GAO Lei;ZHANG Xiaomeng;ZHANG Bing(School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;Center for Pharmacovigilance and Rational Use of Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;Center for Pharmacovigilance of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京102488 [2]北京中医药大学中药药物警戒与合理用药研究中心,北京102488 [3]内蒙古自治区药物警戒中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中国药物警戒》2024年第6期677-682,702,共7页Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance

基　　金：国家中医药管理局中医药创新团队及人才支持计划子项目(ZYYCXTD-C-202005-11);少数民族地区专业技术人才特培计划(内人社办发2022[139]号);中国民族医药学会科研项目(2023MY139-07)。

摘　　要：目的从药物警戒角度对蒙医药学古籍文献进行研究,阐释蒙药药物警戒理论内涵,为深入开展蒙药安全性评价与蒙药药物警戒研究提供参考。方法通过梳理4世纪以来40余本蒙医药学经典著作及史籍文献,挖掘其中蕴含的药物警戒内容,分析蒙医药学毒性理论及安全合理用药特点。结果蒙医药学重视药物两重性,即药物在治疗疾病的同时也会给人体带来危害。蒙药药物警戒主要体现在毒的认识,中毒解毒,饮食禁忌、起居禁忌、体质禁忌、疾病禁忌等用药禁忌,配伍、炮制等减毒方法,药物剂量、疗程的控制原则及剂型特点等方面。结论蒙古族对“毒”的认识和使用历史悠久,加之蒙医药学理论特点和临床用药区别,安全合理用药实践内容丰富且独具特色。挖掘蒙药药物警戒科学内涵,对指导现代临床合理使用蒙药和传承传统医药学都具有现实和深远意义。Objective To study the ancient Mongolian Medical literature from the perspective of pharmacovigilance,explain the theoretical connotation of Mongolian Medicine pharmacovigilance,and provide a reference for further research on the safety evaluation and pharmacovigilance of Mongolian Medicine.Methods By combing through over 40 classic works of Mongolian Medicine and historical documents since the 4th century,the content related to pharmacovigilance was excavated,and the toxicity theory and characteristics of safe and rational drug use in Mongolian Medicine were analyzed.Results The study found that Mongolian Medicine attaches great importance to the duality of drugs,which means that drugs can bring harm to the human body while treating diseases.The Mongolian Medicine pharmacovigilance is mainly reflected in the following aspects:the understanding of toxicity,detoxification of poisoning,dietary taboos,living taboos,physical taboos,disease taboos,and other medication taboos;methods of reducing toxicity such as compatibility and processing;principles for controlling drug dosage and treatment duration;as well as the characteristics of dosage forms.Conclusion Mongolian people have a long history of understanding and using“toxicity”,coupled with the theoretical characteristics of Mongolian Medicine and clinical medication differences,the practice of safe and rational drug use is rich and unique.Exploring the scientific connotation of Mongolian Medicine pharmacovigilance has practical and far-reaching significance for guiding the rational use of Mongolian Medicine in modern clinical practice and inheriting traditional medicine.

关 键 词：蒙药 古籍 药物警戒 药品不良反应 毒 用药禁忌 配伍 炮制 

分 类 号：R994.11[医药卫生—毒理学] R994.12[医药卫生—药学]