稻茬晚播油菜栽培技术研究进展  

Research Progress of Cultivation Techniques in Late Sowing Rapeseed After Rice Stubble

作　　者：杨光 林国冰 钱晨 李静[1] 王龙 李亦扬 左青松 YANG Guang;LIN Guobing;QIAN Chen;LI Jing;WANG Long;LI Yiyang;ZUO Qingsong(Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology/Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Industrial Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第18期45-52,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2018YFD1000900);江苏省高等学校基础科学重大项目(21KJA210003);江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室开放课题项目(YCSL201909);扬州市现代农业项目(YZ2022055)。

摘　　要：中国稻茬油菜种植区域主要在长江流域冬油菜区,近些年来稻茬油菜的单产不断提高,种植面积也稳中有升,为中国的油料安全做出了重要贡献。然而,随着长江流域冬油菜区水稻中晚熟品种轻简化栽培技术的推广应用,水稻成熟期大幅度推迟,导致油菜冬前生长时间进一步压缩,油菜晚播与过晚播面积逐年增大,严重制约了油菜的生产潜力。在长江流域稻油两熟区,油菜晚播现象尤为突出,已成为诸多学者广泛关注的热点问题。通过对油菜晚播现状以及相关高产限制因素的分析,致力于找出晚播油菜生产中的重要问题。通过对油菜晚播现状的分析,提高稻油轮作区油菜籽粒质量和产量。提倡运用先进的栽培技术减轻油菜晚播的影响,为促进未来油菜产业的蓬勃发展提供理论参考。The planting area of rice stubble rapeseed in China is mainly in the winter rapeseed area of the Yangtze River Basin.In recent years,the yield of rice stubble rapeseed has been continuously increasing,and the planting area has also steadily improved,making important contributions to the safety of oil crops in China.However,with the promotion and application of light and simplified cultivation techniques for mid to late maturing rice varieties in the winter rapeseed area of the Yangtze River Basin,the maturity period of rice has been significantly delayed,leading to further compression of the pre winter growth time of rapeseed.The area of late sowing and over late sowing of rapeseed has been increasing year by year,which seriously restricted the production potential of rapeseed.The phenomenon of late sowing of rapeseed in the rice oil dual cropping areas of the Yangtze River Basin is particularly prominent,and has become a widespread concern for many scholars.This article aims to identify important issues in late sowing rapeseed production by analyzing the current situation of late sowing rapeseed and related high-yield limiting factors.Through the analysis of the current situation of late sowing,we aim to improve the quality and yield of rapeseed in rice oil rotation areas.The use of advanced cultivation techniques can reduce the impact of late sowing of rapeseed,and provide theoretical reference for promoting the vigorous development of the future rapeseed industry.

关 键 词：稻茬油菜 晚播 高产栽培 冬前生长量 施肥量 

分 类 号：S318[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]