马铃薯疮痂病菌Streptomyces acidiscabies鉴定及抑菌有机酸筛选  

Streptomyces acidiscabies:Identification and Screening of Antibacterial Organic Acids

作　　者：黄勋 丰加文 何文睿 徐亚锦 邓琳梅 周昆燕 张潇方 杨艳丽[1] 刘霞[1] HUANG Xun;FENG Jiawen;HE Wenrui;XU Yajin;DENG Linmei;ZHOU Kunyan;ZHANG Xiaofang;YANG Yanli;LIU Xia(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Malong District,Qujing,Yunnan 655199)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650201 [2]曲靖市马龙区农业农村局,云南曲靖655199

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第18期125-134,共10页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项“基于多样化消费的马铃薯新品种选育及其绿色生产技术研发示范”(202102AE090018),“马铃薯重大病害绿色防控体系研究”(202402AE090017);云南省现代农业马铃薯产业技术体系(2021KJTX003);云南省农业基础研究联合专项“云南马铃薯疮痂病主要致病机制及其防控技术研发”(202301BD070001-063);云南省卞春松专家工作站(202205AF150053)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在鉴定微型薯连作基质中疮痂病原菌的种类,筛选具有良好抑制活性的有机酸以利于控制疮痂病发生。研究从病薯上分离纯化病原菌,用薯片法、萝卜片法及温室盆栽接种法检测其致病性,结合形态学观察、生理生化特性测定及16S rRNA基因序列分析确定种类,对其耐盐性等生物学特性进行研究,用纸碟法测定甲酸等有机酸对疮痂链霉菌生长的影响。链霉菌19311具有致病性,其致病岛毒力相关基因型为txtAB+/tomA+/necI+,根据19311菌株培养特征、生理生化特性及16S rRNA序列分析结果鉴定为酸性疮痂链霉菌(Streptomyces acidiscabies)。甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、乳酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸可显著抑制S.acidiscabies的生长,甲酸抑菌效果最佳,抑菌圈直径为45.43 mm,抑菌最低有效浓度为1%,可通过增加细胞膜通透性抑制S.acidiscabies生长。综上所述,本研究明确了微型薯生产基质中疮痂链霉菌19311的种类及其生物学特性。未来可考虑使用1%甲酸进行疮痂病的控制试验,并评估其对原原种生产的潜在影响。In order to clarify the types of pathogens causing potato common scab in the micro potato continuous cultivation substrate,organic acids with good inhibitory activity were screened to control this disease.In this study,pathogenic bacteria were isolated and purified from diseased potato,and their pathogenicity was detected by potato chip method,radish chip method and greenhouse pot inoculation method.The species were determined by morphological observation,physiological and biochemical characteristics determination and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.The biological characteristics such as salt tolerance were studied,the effects of organic acids such as formic acid on the growth of Streptomyces spp.were determined using paper plate method.Streptomyces strain 19311 was pathogenic,and its pathogenic island virulence related genotype was txtAB+/tomA+/necI+.Strain 19311 was identified as Streptomyces acidiscabies based on the morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA sequence analysis.Formic acid,acetic acid,propionic acid,lactic acid,citric acid,and tartaric acid could significantly inhibit the growth of S.acidiscabies,and formic acid had the best antibacterial effect with the antibacterial zone diameter of 45.43 mm and the lowest effective concentration of 1%,which could inhibit the growth of S.acidiscabies by increasing the permeability of cell membrane.In this study,the species and biological characteristics of Streptomyces strain 19311 in the micro potato cultivation substrate were identified.The use of 1%formic acid to control the occurrence of this disease and evaluate its impact on the original seed production can be carried out in the future.

关 键 词：马铃薯疮痂病 微型薯 种类鉴定 生物学特性 有机酸 细胞膜通透性 甲酸 抑制活性 连作基质 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]