施肥对河西走廊豆禾混播草地产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Fertilization on Forage Yield and Quality of Legume-Gramineae Mixtures in the Hexi Corridor Region

作　　者：陈孝善 吴世文 南丽丽[1] 傅俊士 张泽龙 CHEN Xiaoshan;WU Shiwen;NAN Lili;FU Junshi;ZHANG Zelong(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第6期57-65,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160327);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)共同资助。

摘　　要：在河西走廊绿洲灌区,设置不施肥(N0P0K0)、平衡施肥(N2P2K2)、不施氮(N0P2K2)、不施磷(N2P0K2)和不施钾(N2P2K0)5个不同施肥处理,研究其对豆禾混播草地牧草产量和品质的影响。结果表明:与N0P0K0处理相比,4种施肥处理均显著提高了豆禾混播草地的干草产量、营养品质和土壤养分含量,显著降低了中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量。播种当年和生长第2年N2P2K2处理下干草产量、粗蛋白、相对饲喂价值、土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别比N0P0K0处理高110.55%、19.72%、12.61%、32.46%、42.58%、85.51%、31.25%和61.17%、18.27%、10.37%、27.68%、33.28%、66.08%、32.00%。中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量分别比N0P0K0处理低6.26%、6.37%和11.82%、7.71%,且N2P2K2处理的干草产量、营养品质及土壤养分均高于3种偏施肥处理。综合评价显示,河西走廊豆禾混播草地施肥效应表现为:N2P2K2>N2P2K0>N0P2K2>N2P0K2>N0P0K0,磷是该地区生产力最小养分限制因子。A field experiment was conducted in the Hexi Corridor oasis irrigated area to investigate the effects of fertilization on the yield and quality of Legume-Graminea mixtures.Five treatments were established:no fertilization(N0P0K0),balanced fertilization(N2P2K2),no nitrogen addition(N0P2K2),no phosphorus addition(N2P0K2),and no potassium addition(N2P2K0).The results showed that,compared to the control(N0P0K0),all four fertilization treatments significantly increased hay yield,forage nutritional quality parameters,and soil nutrient content.Additionally,these treatments significantly decreased the contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber.Under the N2P2K2 treatment,the hay yield,crude protein,and relative feed value,soil organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium were 110.55%,19.72%,12.61%,32.46%,42.58%,85.51%,31.25%higher,respectively,than those of N0P0K0 treatment in the first year.In the following year,these values were 61.17%,18.27%,10.37%,27.68%,33.28%,66.08%,32.00%higher,respectively,than those of the N0P0K0 treatment.Furthermore,the neutral detergent fiber and the acid detergent fiber contents were 6.26%and 6.37%lower in the first year,and 11.82%and 7.71%lower in the second year compared to the N0P0K0 treatment,respectively.Moreover,the N2P2K2 treatment consistently outperformed the three partial fertilization treatments in terms of hay yield,nutritional quality,and soil nutrient content.Grey relativity analysis revealed the following ranking for fertilizer treatments was N2P2K2>N2P2K0>N0P2K2>N2P0K2>N0P0K0.These findings suggest that phosphorus is the minimum nutrient limiting factor for Legume-Graminea mixtures performance in the Hexi Corridor.

关 键 词：施肥 河西走廊 混播 草产量 营养品质 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]