老年人体育锻炼与人际交往能力的交叉滞后分析  

Cross-lag analysis of physical exercise and interpersonal competence of the elderly

作　　者：黄文英[1] 袁宇晴 胡昶 张文[1] 韩振燕[2] 陈鑫意 HUANG Wenying;YUAN Yuqing;HU Chang;ZHANG Wen;HAN Zhenyan;CHEN Xinyi(Jiangxi Normal University School of Physical Education,Nanchang 330022,China;School of Public Administration,Hohai University)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学体育学院(南昌),330022 [2]河海大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2024年第7期966-972,共7页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(编号:20BSH033);河海大学中央高校基本业务费人文社科专项(编号:B230207029);江西省高等学校教学改革研究重点省级项目(编号:JXJG-19-2-23);江西省研究生创新基金(编号:YC2023-B121)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨老年人体育锻炼与人际交往能力的相互作用关系。方法:采用体育锻炼量表与人际交往能力量表,以江西省、贵州省、湖南省及重庆市4所老年大学859名学生为研究对象进行为期6个月的两次追踪调查。结果:①重复测量方差分析结果显示,前后测体育锻炼之间差异不显著,前后测人际交往能力之间差异不显著。②相关分析结果显示,体育锻炼与人际交往能力之间的同时性相关和继时性相关均显著(T1:r=0.47,P<0.001;T2:r=0.17,P<0.001)。③交叉滞后回归分析结果显示,在控制前测人际交往能力后,前测体育锻炼对后测人际交往能力存在显著正向预测作用(β=0.21,P<0.001);在控制前测体育锻炼后,前测人际交往能力对后测体育锻炼存在显著正向预测作用(β=0.19,P<0.001)。结论:老年人体育锻炼与人际交往能力均具有一定的稳定性,体育锻炼与人际交往能力之间存在纵向因果关系,可进行双向正向预测。Objective:To explore the interaction relationship between physical activity and interpersonal competence in older adults.Methods:Using the Physical Activity Scale and the Interpersonal Communication Skills Scale,two follow-up surveys were conducted over a 6-month period with 859 students from four senior colleges in Jiangxi Province,Guizhou Province,Hunan Province and Chongqing Municipality.Results:①The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed that the differences between pre-and post-tests of physical activity were not significant,and the differences between pre-and post-tests of interpersonal competence were not significant.②The results of correlation analysis showed that both the simultaneous correlation and the successive correlation between physical activity and interpersonal competence were significant(r=0.47,0.17;P<0.001).③Cross-lagged regression analyses showed that there was a significantly positive predictive effect of pre-test physical activity on post-test interpersonal ability after controlling for pre-test interpersonal competence(β=0.21,P<0.001);And there was a significantly positive predictive effect of pre-test interpersonal competence on post-test physical activity after controlling for pre-test physical activity(β=0.19,P<0.001).Conclusion:Both physical activity and interpersonal competence in older adults are somewhat stable,and there is a longitudinal causal relationship between physical activity and interpersonal competence,which can be predicted in a bi-directional positive way.

关 键 词：老年人 体育锻炼 人际交往能力 交叉滞后分析 追踪研究 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.4[医药卫生—医学心理学]