硕士研究生情绪智力与生活满意度的关系:压力知觉与孤独感的链式中介作用  

Relationship between emotional intelligence and life satisfaction of postgraduate students:the chain mediation role of stress perception and loneliness

作　　者：杨婷[1] 周戈耀[2] 程远芬 陈思银 李丹[1] 杨娟华 曹煜[1,2] YANG Ting;ZHOU Ge-yao;CHENG Yuan-fen;CHEN Si-yin;LI Dan;YANG Juan-hua;CAO Yu(School of Public Health,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Surveillance,Ministry of Education,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 561113,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳561113 [2]贵州医科大学大健康研究院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第12期2228-2234,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：贵州省“十四五”公共卫生体系建设规划项目(黔发改规划[2020] 522号);贵州省大健康产业“十四五”发展规划(黔大健康领[2022]1号)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨硕士研究生压力知觉、孤独感在情绪智力与生活满意度的关系和影响机制,为促进研究生心理健康发展提出参考依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样抽取6所高校的728名统招硕士研究生作为研究对象,采用情绪智力、孤独感、压力知觉以及生活满意度量表进行问卷调查,运用SPSS 25.0对所收集的数据进行独立样本t检验、方差分析和Pearson相关分析,使用AMOS 26.0软件构建结构方程模型并进行评估。结果 情绪智力与生活满意度呈正相关(r=0.423,P<0.01);压力知觉和孤独感与生活满意度和情绪智力之间均呈负相关(r=-0.519,-0.440,-0.536,-0.505,P<0.01);压力知觉与孤独感呈正相关(r=0.568,P<0.01)。情绪智力不仅可以直接预测生活满意度,也可以通过压力知觉和孤独感起间接预测作用。压力知觉的中介效应值为0.227,占总效应的42.5%;孤独感的中介效应值为0.026,占总效应的4.9%,压力知觉和孤独感在情绪智力与生活满意度的链式中介作用的效应值为0.029,占总间接效应5.4%。结论 情绪智力可以通过压力知觉和孤独感的中介或链式中介作用影响研究生的生活满意度,为提高硕士研究生生活质量和心理健康水平提供了理论依据。Objective To explore the relationship and mechanism of stress perception and loneliness among emotional intelligence and life satisfaction among master’s students,and to provide reference basis for promoting the mental health development of graduate students.Methods A total of 728 graduate students from 6 universities were selected by stratified cluster random sampling and investigated by emotional intelligence,loneliness,stress perception and life satisfaction scale.SPSS 25.0 was used to conduct independent sample t-tests,analysis of ANOVA,and Pearson correlation analysis on the data.A structural equation model was bulit by using AMOS 26.0 software and evaluated.Results Emotional intelligence was positively correlated with life satisfaction(r=0.423,P<0.01).There was a negative correlation between perceived stress and loneliness,life satisfaction,and emotional intelligence(r=-0.519,-0.440,-0.536,-0.505,P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between perceived stress and loneliness(r=0.568,P<0.01).Emotional intelligence can not only directly predict life satisfaction,but also indirectly through stress perception and loneliness.The mediation effect value of stress perception was 0.227 accounting for 42.5%of the total effect,and the mediation effect value of loneliness was 0.026,accounting for 4.9%of the total effect.The effect value of emotional intelligence and life satisfaction was 0.029,accounting for 5.4%of the total indirect effect.Conclusion Emotional intelligence can affect the life satisfaction of master’s students through the mediating or chain mediating effect of stress perception and loneliness,which provides a theoretical basis for improving the quality of life and mental health of master’s students.

关 键 词：情绪智力 压力知觉 孤独感 生活满意度 硕士研究生 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]