基于碳氮稳定同位素的珠江口南沙海域渔业生物群落营养结构研究  

Trophic structure of fishery organism assemblage in the Nansha sea area of the Pearl River Estuary revealed by carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis

作　　者：汪慧娟 徐姗楠[2] 张文博 黄洪辉[2] 齐占会[2] 程琪 刘华雪 WANG Huijuan;XU Shannan;ZHANG Wenbo;HUANG Honghui;QI Zhanghui;CHENG Qi;LIU Huaxue(South China Institute of Environmental Science,MEE,Guangzhou 510530,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China;Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science,Guangzhou 510045,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广州510530 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广州510300 [3]广东省环境科学研究院,广州510045

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第2期42-50,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900904);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2015CB452904);广州市科技计划项目(202002030345)。

摘　　要：根据2015年秋季珠江口南沙海域拖网渔业生物的调查,采用碳(C)、氮(N)稳定同位素技术,分析了珠江口南沙海域渔业生物的碳氮稳定同位素基本特征,构建了连续营养级谱,并探讨了食物网中鱼类营养级历史变化特征。结果表明:珠江口南沙海域秋季渔业生物δ^(13)C介于–29.22‰--–20.67‰,均值为(–25.89±2.08)‰,δ15N介于10.55‰-15.66‰,均值为(12.44±1.41)‰。以小型浮游动物的氮稳定同位素平均值作为基准值构建渔业生物的营养级谱,发现珠江口南沙海域鱼类的营养级范围为2.72-4.23,甲壳类的营养级范围为2.99-3.99,且各种类生物营养级跨度大。与Fishbase鱼类生态学数据库记录进行对比,发现64%的鱼类其营养级均值位于历史营养级数据范围内,27%的鱼类营养级低于历史营养级水平,只有9%的鱼类营养级高于历史营养级水平。珠江口南沙海域渔业生物总体处于受人类活动影响较大,食物网受干扰较多的状态。研究初步建立了珠江口南沙海域渔业生物群落营养结构,旨在为该海域的渔业资源科学管理和可持续利用提供理论依据。Based on the investigation of trawl fishery organisms in the Nansha area of the Pearl River Estuary during the autumn of 2015,this study utilized carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)stable isotope techniques to analyze the fundamental characteristics of the carbon and nitrogen isotopes of fishery organisms in this region.It constructed a comprehensive trophic hierarchy and explored the historical shifts in nutrient levels within the fish food web.The findings reveal that the biologicalδ^(13)C in the Nansha sea area at the mouth of the Pearl River was between–29.22‰-–20.67‰,with the average value(–25.89‰-2.08‰)and theδ15N between 10.55‰-15.66‰,with the average value(12.44‰±1.41‰).The nutrient levels of fish in the Nansha area of the Pearl River estuary ranged from 2.72 to 4.23,and that of crustaceans ranged from 2.99 to 3.99,and the nutrient levels of all species had a large span.In comparison with the Fishbase Fish Ecology Database,64%of the fish was found to be in the historical trophic level range,27%was below the historical trophic level,and only 9%was above the historical trophic level.The fishery organisms in the Nansha Sea Area of the Pearl River Estuary were generally in the state of being greatly affected by human activities,and the food webs were more disturbed.The nutrient structure of fishery community in Nansha area of Pearl River Estuary was preliminarily established to provide theoretical basis for the scientific management and sustainable utilization of fishery resources.

关 键 词：稳定同位素 营养结构 渔业生物 珠江口 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]