工业机器人应用与国际不平等交换  

Industrial Robot Application and International Unequal Exchange

作　　者：黄亮雄 雷亚星 王贤彬[2] Huang Liangxiong;Lei Yaxing;Wang Xianbin

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学经济与金融学院,510006 [2]暨南大学经济学院,510632

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（世界经济导刊）》2023年第11期17-36,共20页JOURNAL OF WORLD ECONOMICS

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国对外直接投资推动全球价值链重构:基于共建‘一带一路’背景的研究”(72073047);国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国政府创新目标规划的创新效应研究:理论机制、实证识别与政策设计”(72273052);国家社会科学基金重大项目“国土空间用途管制下土地市场整合与溢价共享机制研究”(22&ZD062)。

摘　　要：发展中国家和发达国家间的二元格局形成的国际不平等交换,是国际政治经济秩序中的长期典型特征。百年未有之大变局下,以工业机器人为代表的人工智能技术的发明与应用,究竞如何影响国际不平等交换格局,成为重要的国际学术问题。本文基于马克思的国际价值理论,构建2005-2019年间42个发展中国家与27个发达国家之间的国际不平等交换程度指数,进而检验发展中国家与发达国家间工业机器人应用水平差异对国家间国际不平等交换程度的影响效应。结果表明,发展中国家与发达国家之间工业机器人应用水平差异的缩小显著降低了国家间的国际不平等交换程度。机制在于,发展中国家缩小与发达国家的工业机器人应用水平差异,显著降低其与发达国家在全劳动生产率与技术水平上的差异,从而降低了国际不平等交换程度。进一步研究发现,较高的对外开放程度、政府治理水平以及追赶发达国家的决心均是该效应发挥作用的重要支撑。The international unequal exchange formed by the binary opposition between developing and developed countries is a long-term typical feature of the international political and economic order.How the invention and application of artificial intelligence technology represented by industrial robots affect the pattern of international unequal exchange has become an important international academic issue.Based on Marx's international value theory,this paper constructs an international unequal exchange degree index between 42 developing countries and 27 developed countries from 2005 to 2019,and then tests the impact of the difference in the application level of industrial robots between developing and developed countries on the international unequal exchange degree.The results show that the narrowing of the difference in the application level of industrial robots between developing and developed countries significantly reduces the degree of international unequal exchange between countries.The mechanism lies in that developing countries narrow the difference in the application level of industrial robots with developed countries,and significantly reduce the dfference in total labor productivity and technical level with developed countries,resulting the lower degree of international unequal exchange.Further study found that the higher degree of opening to the outside world,the level of government governance and the determination to catch up with developed countries are important supports for the effect.

关 键 词：工业机器人 国际不平等交换 国际价值理论 

分 类 号：F416.67[经济管理—产业经济]